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- W4313430070 abstract "Abstract Immunization with novel mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 administered worldwide protects against COVID-19 through the generation of neutralizing antibodies directed against the viral spike protein. While immune responses generated from vaccines have been evaluated in blood, the cellular stores of memory T and B cells are maintained in tissues. Using tissues from vaccinated, but previously uninfected organ donors, we surveyed lymphoid and barrier sites for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine specific memory B and T cells. Fluorescently labeled, full length Spike and RBD probes were used to identify vaccine specific memory B cells, while vaccine specific T cells were identified by expression of activation induced markers following stimulation with peptide pools spanning the entire spike protein. All donors were confirmed negative for anti-nucleocapsid antibodies and positive for anti-spike and anti-RBD antibodies via ELISA. Spike specific T cells were identified in the blood, spleen, lung, and lung associated lymph nodes (LLN), but not bone marrow (BM). In all tissues, these vaccine specific T cells were primarily CD4 and exhibited a mixed central- and effector-memory phenotype; in the LLN the majority (up to 55%) were T-follicular helper cells (CXCR5+/PD-1+). Spike and RBD specific memory B cells were detected in blood, lung, spleen, BM, and LLN. These vaccine specific B cells in the LLN specifically expressed the tissue residency marker CD69, but only a minority had features of germinal center B cells. These results indicate that memory B and T cells generated from mRNA vaccination localize primarily to lymphoid organs, including those draining the lung, which is important for understanding their longevity and protective capacity. Supported by grants from NIH (U19 AI128949, PO1 AI106697, T32 GM007367)" @default.
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- W4313430070 date "2022-05-01" @default.
- W4313430070 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4313430070 title "Persistence of immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in lymphoid tissue" @default.
- W4313430070 doi "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.65.17" @default.
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