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- W4313554114 abstract "Ethiopia has a great ecological diversityEcological diversity, ranging from tropical to temperate climatic conditions. The altitude in the country ranges from −126 to 4620 masl, and there are 32 major agro-ecological zonesAgro-ecological zone. Agriculture is one of the most promising sectors but has been slowed down by periodic drought, overgrazingOvergrazing, deforestationDeforestation, limited use of and access to external inputs, and high population density. About 35.7% of the total land mass is allocated to agricultural use. The existence of diverse environments resulted in 21 soil typesSoil types. The country has several major rivers and lakes, and significant groundwater resourcesWater resources. There are also extensive mineral resourcesMineral resource including precious metals, industrial minerals, construction materials, and agricultural input types. The national energy balance of Ethiopia has been predominated by two energy resources—hydropower and biomass use. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) which is expected to generate about 15,720 GW hr per year will increase the electricity supply to the population and power export potential of the country. Indigenous soil classificationIndigenous soil classification in the country is as old as agriculture. Currently, the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB)World Reference Base for soil resources (WRB) is widely practiced. Significant amounts of fertile topsoil are lost due to water erosion. Vast areas of the highlands are affected by soil acidity that is either strongly or moderately acidic and about 10% of the total land area is also affected by salinity and/or sodicity. The current rate of urbanization, industrialization, and the extent of agro-chemical use are raising soil pollutionSoil pollution that can be a major concern in future soil issues. Agricultural development in the highlands is crucial both for ensuring the incomes of populations in these regions as well as the availability of food in food deficit regions. The development priority in these regions is to introduce improved technologies, soil and water conservation practices, and management of acid soilsAcid soils. Land is a common property of the Nations and shall not be subjected to sale or transfer to other means of exchange. Although comprehensive and integrated land use policyLand use policy at federal or regional levels does not exist, various government ministries issued policies that directly or indirectly relate to or affect land use. Huge efforts and investments were made to prepare digital maps of soil fertilitySoil fertility parameters from data collected through intensive soil sampling campaigns in cultivated and arable lands. Countrywide and regional land suitability evaluations are being conducted for the preparation of land use plans in various geographic regions." @default.
- W4313554114 created "2023-01-06" @default.
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- W4313554114 date "2023-01-01" @default.
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- W4313554114 title "Introduction" @default.
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- W4313554114 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17012-6_1" @default.
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