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- W4316013578 abstract "The author describes his view of how the metal casting process is often carried out turbulently, generating doubled-over oxide films (bifilms) in most metals (with interesting exceptions). The double films act as cracks, whose oxide films resist bonding, enabling the crack population to survive plastic working such as forging and rolling. Experimental evidence reveals their action in initiating tensile and fatigue failures, and reducing ductility and creep resistance. The bifilm cracks are mainly located at grain boundaries, where they encourage the precipitation of inclusions and second phases as a result of the savings of strain energy (far exceeding the normal driving force from interfacial energies). The precipitates force open the bifilms rather than otherwise plastically deforming the matrix to accommodate the changes of size and shape. It is reasonable to suppose that the opening of bifilms at grain boundaries would increase hydrogen permeation and embrittlement, and permit the ingress of corrodents leading to etch pitting and stress corrosion cracking. It seems the pre-existing population of microcracks is a phenomenon explaining the initiation of many of our failure mechanisms in metals. It is strongly recommended to reduce the microcrack population by the application of improved melting and casting technology." @default.
- W4316013578 created "2023-01-14" @default.
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- W4316013578 date "2023-01-01" @default.
- W4316013578 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W4316013578 title "The Pre-Existing Microcrack Population in Metals A Personal Overview" @default.
- W4316013578 cites W2139231739 @default.
- W4316013578 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2022.12.264" @default.
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