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• W4317181750 abstract "Background and Aim: Phthalates are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that have been linked to changes in child neurodevelopment. However, sex-specificity has been reported inconsistently, and little is known about the impact of recent phthalate replacement chemicals. We aimed to examine the associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates/phthalate replacements and neurodevelopment, and the sex-specificity of such relationships. Methods: Our analysis included mother-child pairs (N=274) from the PROTECT birth cohort in Puerto Rico. Phthalate metabolites were measured in maternal urine collected up to three times during pregnancy. Neurodevelopment was measured at 6, 12, and 24 months of age using the Battelle Developmental Inventory-2nd edition (BDI), which provides scores for adaptive, personal-social, communication, motor, and cognitive domains. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between the geometric mean of individual phthalate metabolite concentrations across pregnancy and BDI scores, adjusting for maternal age, maternal education, child age, and specific gravity. Differences by sex were assessed with sex*exposure interaction terms and stratified models. Results: Cognitive domain scores were associated with mono-carboxy-isooctyl phthalate (MCOP) at all assessment ages, and all five domains were associated with mono-carboxy-isooctyl phthalate (MCOP), mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP), and mono-oxononyl phthalate (MONP) at age 24 months. Sex-specificity existed for all timepoints (p-interaction&#x3c;0.2), in general, showing stronger associations among boys. For example, metabolites of a recent phthalate replacement, di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DEHTP), were differentially associated with Adaptive scores (boys β=-6.38, 95%CI:-12.36,-0.41 vs. girls β=-0.72, 95%CI:-4.31,2.86), and Cognitive scores (boys β=-4.88, 95%CI:-8.78,-0.99 vs. girls β=-1.56, 95%CI:-3.34,0.22) at 6 months, and with Motor scores (boys β=-4.32, 95%CI:-7.24,-1.41 vs. girls β=0.71, 95%CI:-2.38,3.44) at 24 months. Conclusions: Gestational exposure to phthalates and phthalate replacements was associated with neurodevelopmental delay across multiple domains, with differences by sex and child age. Further research pertaining to neurodevelopmental delay throughout childhood and sex dimorphism over time is needed. Keywords: phthalates, phthalate replacements, neurodevelopment, sex-specificity" @default.
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• W4317181750 date "2022-09-18" @default.
• W4317181750 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W4317181750 title "Gestational exposure to phthalates and phthalate replacements in relation to neurodevelopmental delays in early childhood" @default.
• W4317181750 doi "https://doi.org/10.1289/isee.2022.p-0467" @default.
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