FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W4317360168> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W4317360168 endingPage "736" @default.
• W4317360168 startingPage "734" @default.
• W4317360168 abstract "Skin-related immune manifestations have been recently reported after COVID-19 infection and vaccination, including trichodynia, telogen effluvium, and alopecia areata (AA), the latter of which has been mainly observed in patients with already preexisting AA.1, 2 Up to date, <10 cases of new-onset AA occurring after COVID-19 infection have been reported in the literature, with just one case describing a pediatric patient in the teenage years3 (Table 1). Herein, we describe three school-aged patients who experienced AA after COVID-19 infection (Table 1). This series is of particular interest given the rarity of pediatric reports of this condition. Two boys and one girl, respectively, of 8, 9, and 8 years of age, were referred to the Pediatric Dermatology Department for the acute occurrence of patches of balding hair loss. The alopecic areas appeared, respectively, 7, 4, and 3 weeks after symptomatic COVID-19 infection, which caused 2 weeks of high fever (39°C), cough, fatigue, and general malaise in the girl, while boys were only mildly symptomatic. During COVID-19 illness, molecular testing of viral RNA on a nasopharyngeal swab confirmed COVID-19 infection. At clinical scalp examination, well-delimited oval patches of smooth, completely bald skin were observed on the girl's vertex (Figure 1) and posterior hairline, on one boy's parietal area and on the other's vertex. At the borders of all patches, pull test was positive, denoting still active disease. Trichoscopical examination revealed exclamation-mark hairs and black dots (Figure 2), indicative of acute hair loss, especially at the periphery of patches, while short vellus hairs were retrieved centrally, confirming the diagnosis of AA. Laboratory tests, including fasting blood glucose, thyroid, liver, and kidney functionality were within normal ranges, and the patients were subsequently treated with topical corticosteroids daily. AA is a common nonscarring hair loss condition with 0.1%–0.2% prevalence and 2% cumulative lifetime incidence,4 mainly developing in the first four decades of life, especially in the first two (48%). The diagnosis is usually established clinically, as AA is characterized by acute onset, mostly in sharply defined oval-to-round patches of completely bald skin.5 The patch typically widens centrifugally, ultimately leading to longstanding alopecic areas, showing yellow dots, representative of dilated follicular infundibula filled with keratinous and sebaceous material.5 The current understanding about AA pathogenesis is that the condition represents an organo-specific autoimmunity against the hair follicles, possibly caused by a loss of immune privilege of hair follicles.4 Indeed, in genetically predisposed individuals, viral infections such as COVID-19 infection may induce oxidative stress resulting in an upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) ligands on hair follicles. Upregulated MHC-I ligands could lead to T cell activation, destruction of hair follicle cells, and release of perifollicular IFN-γ and TNF-α, perpetuating the vicious inflammatory cycle.4 Also, the theory of an immune pathogenesis of AA is supported by the high association rate with immune-mediated diseases such as thyroiditis, type I diabetes, and vitiligo, which, in turn, have also been associated with COVID-19 infection.4-6 Though a just casual association must be considered, the temporal association evidenced between COVID-19 infection and the new onset of AA of our patients reflects the temporal line of events described in other literature reports and speak in favor of a causative link.2, 3 Lately, the close attention paid to COVID-19 infection permitted to observe numerous possible associations with cutaneous autoimmune manifestations.1, 5, 6 Possibly, AA has always been virally triggered, but the increased consciousness toward the COVID-19 infection may have allowed to document otherwise underestimated associations. A.H. contributed to study concept and design; data collection; writing of the manuscript; critical review of important intellectual content; effective participation in the research guidance; intellectual participation in the propaedeutic and/or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases; critical review of the literature; and final approval of the final version of the manuscript. G.V. contributed to study concept and design; writing of the manuscript; critical review of important intellectual content; effective participation in the research guidance; intellectual participation in the propaedeutic and/or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases; critical review of the literature; and final approval of the final version of the manuscript. L.G., E.G., and C.O. contributed to study concept and design; critical review of important intellectual content; effective participation in the research guidance; intellectual participation in the propaedeutic and/or therapeutic conduct of the studied cases; critical review of the literature; and final approval of the final version of the manuscript. Open access funding provided by BIBLIOSAN. [Correction added on 6 February 2023, after first online publication: Funding information has been updated in this version.] This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Ethics approval was not required in compliance with local guidelines. The present research complies with the guidelines for human studies and was conducted ethically in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from the parent of the patient for publication of the details of their medical case and any accompanying images." @default.
• W4317360168 created "2023-01-19" @default.
• W4317360168 creator A5008960145 @default.
• W4317360168 creator A5009211794 @default.
• W4317360168 creator A5012676014 @default.
• W4317360168 creator A5070591722 @default.
• W4317360168 creator A5086282228 @default.
• W4317360168 date "2023-01-18" @default.
• W4317360168 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W4317360168 title "Pediatric alopecia areata following <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 infection" @default.
• W4317360168 cites W2804830550 @default.
• W4317360168 cites W3124490223 @default.
• W4317360168 cites W3136570288 @default.
• W4317360168 cites W4221013947 @default.
• W4317360168 cites W4284969906 @default.
• W4317360168 cites W4301398031 @default.
• W4317360168 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.15618" @default.
• W4317360168 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36651224" @default.
• W4317360168 hasPublicationYear "2023" @default.
• W4317360168 type Work @default.
• W4317360168 citedByCount "0" @default.
• W4317360168 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W4317360168 hasAuthorship W4317360168A5008960145 @default.
• W4317360168 hasAuthorship W4317360168A5009211794 @default.
• W4317360168 hasAuthorship W4317360168A5012676014 @default.
• W4317360168 hasAuthorship W4317360168A5070591722 @default.
• W4317360168 hasAuthorship W4317360168A5086282228 @default.
• W4317360168 hasBestOaLocation W43173601681 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C126322002 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C16005928 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C187212893 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C203014093 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C2776360568 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C2777524370 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C2778047097 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C2778515351 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C2779134260 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C2779277585 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C3008058167 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C524204448 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C54355233 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C126322002 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C16005928 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C187212893 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C203014093 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C2776360568 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C2777524370 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C2778047097 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C2778515351 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C2779134260 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C2779277585 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C3008058167 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C524204448 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C54355233 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C71924100 @default.
• W4317360168 hasConceptScore W4317360168C86803240 @default.
• W4317360168 hasIssue "3" @default.
• W4317360168 hasLocation W43173601681 @default.
• W4317360168 hasLocation W43173601682 @default.
• W4317360168 hasOpenAccess W4317360168 @default.
• W4317360168 hasPrimaryLocation W43173601681 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W1977930286 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W2015461449 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W2111183337 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W2418685108 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W2601895326 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W2810171224 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W2901739266 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W2903645751 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W3103447285 @default.
• W4317360168 hasRelatedWork W3107153527 @default.
• W4317360168 hasVolume "22" @default.
• W4317360168 isParatext "false" @default.
• W4317360168 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W4317360168 workType "article" @default.