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- W4318937687 abstract "CITES is the most important international instrument for managing threatened or potentially threatened wildlife trade. If listed organisms are removed from the wild at stages of highest natural mortality and held in captivity to increase survivorship and hence make more organisms available for trade without impact on wild populations, this form of production is termed ‘ranching’ (coded ‘R’ under CITES). To gain benefits for livelihoods and species, ranching must be managed effectively and wild capture conducted sustainably. CITES-listed species are increasingly being ranched, yet in many cases key information on natural and captive mortality and implications for trade controls of introducing ranching is lacking. Endangered (IUCN Red List) fish humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) was traded in wild (W-code) form after its CITES App II-listing in 2004, with ranching subsequently introduced in 2018. This well-studied species is used as a case study to examine the outcomes and implications of uncontrolled ranching (capture and grow-out) operations. For humphead wrasse, ranching is currently unjustifiable according to CITES provisions and poses a further potential threat to the species. Fourteen recommendations call for action by CITES as well as along much of the trade chain. CITES must review and define when ranching can be applied and operate sustainably. Exporting countries must ensure sustainable catches accounting for mortality levels at capture and during ranching, and conduct an appropriate non-detriment finding, while import destinations need to effectively distinguish and control the trade in W- and R-coded fish. A Review of Significant Trade, assessment of legal acquisition and communications between Parties are recommended." @default.
- W4318937687 created "2023-02-03" @default.
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- W4318937687 date "2023-03-01" @default.
- W4318937687 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W4318937687 title "Mortality and management matter: Case study on use and misuse of ‘ranching’ for a CITES Appendix II-listed fish, humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus)" @default.
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- W4318937687 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105515" @default.
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