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- W4320001386 abstract "Lead systems are the clinical tool for acquiring electrocardiograms (ECG) from the human body surface. The widely preferred lead system is the standard 12 leads in surface ECG; however, its limitation in recording ECG of quadriplegic, amputated patients, and in witnessing atrial components paves the way for the design of optimal and modified lead systems. The rationale of developing alternative lead systems is mainly for the diagnosis of various heart conditions. The conventional method for monitoring ECG is three-electrode bipolar recording. The reduced, modified bipolar chest lead enhanced the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia and supraventricular arrhythmia. The Mason-Likar lead system is typically implemented during exercise stress conditions by shifting limb leads to the torso. Lund system leads are positioned on limbs at their proximal part and have diagnostic value with more stability. EASI has five electrodes and permits to derive 12 leads. Lewis lead is intended for detecting fibrillatory waves (f waves), and modified Lewis lead improves the atrial activity for atrial arrhythmias. The modified limb lead (MLL) system has the advantage of visualizing the atrial repolarization phase during normal AV conduction. Fontaine leads have the sensitivity for revealing epsilon waves, mainly for arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD). These optimal and modified lead systems are designed to analyze conditions like exercise testing, specific diseases like atrial fibrillation (AF), ventricular arrhythmias, etc., and also help in prolonged and ambulatory recording. Lead systems for atrial activity provide limited information on the underlying mechanics but provide detailed morphological characteristics for AF and the atrial waveform propagation pattern." @default.
- W4320001386 created "2023-02-11" @default.
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- W4320001386 date "2023-01-01" @default.
- W4320001386 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W4320001386 title "The role of optimal and modified lead systems in electrocardiogram" @default.
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- W4320001386 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-85955-4.00014-4" @default.
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