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- W4321263753 abstract "We report the first observation of a permanent second-order nonlinearity in the near surface region of commercially available bulk fused SiO 2 induced by a combined temperature / static electric field poling process. The observed χ (2) is three to four orders of magnitude larger than found in fiber experiments and approaches that of LiNbO 3 . The preparation process for generating the χ (2) nonlinearity involves heating to 250-325°C, in laboratory ambient, while applying a DC bias of 3-5 kV across the nominally 1.6-mm thick samples. After approximately 15 minutes the sample is allowed to cool with the bias still applied. Once cooled, a permanent nonlinearity is observed without any bias by second- harmonic generation (SHG) experiments. The nonlinearity can be erased by heating alone and reestablished by repeating the poling procedure. Poled samples kept at room temperature for almost a year without any special precautions show no noticeable degradation of the nonlinearity. The depth profile of the nonlinearity, probed with a chemical etching process, was found to be exponential with a characteristic decay length of a few μm's. The χ (2) coefficient, measured by comparing the SHG power generated in LiNbO 3 , was χ (2) 33 ≈ 1x10 -12 m/V. Additional measurements suggest that the nonlinearity is associated with a strong electric field frozen into the near surface region of the SiO 2 by electrons in deep traps associated with impurities and by charge transport of mobile ions such as Na + under the applied field. Because of the ready manufacturability of silica and its established integration with semiconductor electronics and optoelectronics, this nonlinearity will have important applications." @default.
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- W4321263753 date "1991-01-01" @default.
- W4321263753 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W4321263753 title "Large Second-Order Nonlinearity in Poled Fused Silica*" @default.
- W4321263753 doi "https://doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.pd24" @default.
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