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- W4321596822 startingPage "4422" @default.
- W4321596822 abstract "Tumor vasculature abnormality creates a microenvironment that is not suitable for anti-tumor immune response and thereby induces resistance to immunotherapy. Remodeling of dysfunctional tumor blood vessels by anti-angiogenic approaches, known as vascular normalization, reshapes the tumor microenvironment toward an immune-favorable one and improves the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The tumor vasculature serves as a potential pharmacological target with the capacity of promoting an anti-tumor immune response. In this review, the molecular mechanisms involved in tumor vascular microenvironment-modulated immune reactions are summarized. In addition, the evidence of pre-clinical and clinical studies for the combined targeting of pro-angiogenic signaling and immune checkpoint molecules with therapeutic potential are highlighted. The heterogeneity of endothelial cells in tumors that regulate tissue-specific immune responses is also discussed. The crosstalk between tumor endothelial cells and immune cells in individual tissues is postulated to have a unique molecular signature and may be considered as a potential target for the development of new immunotherapeutic approaches." @default.
- W4321596822 created "2023-02-24" @default.
- W4321596822 creator A5036725607 @default.
- W4321596822 creator A5089374633 @default.
- W4321596822 date "2023-02-23" @default.
- W4321596822 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W4321596822 title "Tumor Vasculature as an Emerging Pharmacological Target to Promote Anti-Tumor Immunity" @default.
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