Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W43239201> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W43239201 abstract "Development of mammals from fertilized ova to embryos to independent organisms involves a complicated, intricately orchestrated series of events. While the overall period of gestation varies greatly from species to species, the sequence of developmental events is remarkably consistent. During gestational development, embryonic tissues display two reciprocal attributes that are temporally linked: embryonic potency and the state of differentiation. As the embryo matures, its tissues become increasingly differentiated while the potency of its tissues becomes progressively restricted. Perturbations of these orderly processes can lead to adverse impacts on the embryo, which may be manifested in a variety of ways after birth. Through a series of case studies, this chapter examines anatomical, physiological, and functional changes observed in neonates after prenatal insults. Anatomical changes (malformations) can be induced by inorganic arsenic, provided that the exposure occurs during the time in gestation (critical or sensitive period) when the embryo is susceptible and the arsenic concentration exceeds a threshold at the target tissue. Physiological changes can also be the cause of embryotoxicity, as illustrated with hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers, which interfere with the function of a special placenta (inverted yolk sac placenta) that is present in rodents and rabbits, but not primates. In this case, rodents and rabbits are susceptible to the agent, while primates (including humans) are not. Postnatal functional alterations of target organs are a third type of change that can be caused by prenatal exposure to exogenous agents. This type of alteration is illustrated by the postnatal lung after functional deficits associated with in utero cadmium exposure and the postnatal kidney functional changes due to in utero exposure to mercury or fluorine. While functional changes may not be grossly apparent, they can result in both shortened life expectancy and diminished quality of life." @default.
- W43239201 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W43239201 creator A5014917015 @default.
- W43239201 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W43239201 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W43239201 title "Embryotoxicity: Anatomical, Physiological, and Functional" @default.
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