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- W4324387564 endingPage "107112" @default.
- W4324387564 startingPage "107112" @default.
- W4324387564 abstract "Harrat Rahat is the largest volcanic field in Saudi Arabia and has been active from ∼10 Ma to the present day. Due to its proximity to population centers, recent eruptions at Harrat Rahat— the Medinah lava flows (<1.7 Ma)— have been extensively studied to identify volcanic risk. However, evolution of Harrat Rahat’s most extensive and oldest lava flows, known collectively as the Shawahit Basalt (>2.5 Ma), is poorly understood. In this study, we collected, dated and geochemically analyzed lavas from Harrat Rahat, primarily targeting the under-sampled Shawahit unit. We obtained dates of between 9.4 and 2.7 Ma using 40Ar/39Ar analyses of 23 Shawahit samples. Over the lifetime of Harrat Rahat, we observe a geochemical transition from predominantly subalkalic to alkalic eruptions coupled with a counter-intuitive decrease in incompatible element concentrations. We attribute these changes to a decrease in melt productivity and a reduction in contamination by enriched lithospheric melts, respectively. Thermobarometric analysis of basalts from Harrat Rahat indicates that they were generated by melting of asthenospheric mantle with a potential temperature of ∼1456-32+50°C beneath lithosphere that is 50–60 km thick. These results indicate that volcanic activity at Harrat Rahat was initiated by the arrival of a mantle plume beneath lithosphere thinned by a combination of rifting of the Red Sea and thermal erosion. Furthermore, we propose that this plume, either acting alone or in combination with a number of other plumes, is responsible for the formation of the Arabian swell, as well as much of the Neogene-recent intraplate volcanic activity observed across western Arabia. Our conclusions are consistent with a wide range of geochemical, seismologic, gravimetric, thermochronologic and geomorphic observations." @default.
- W4324387564 created "2023-03-16" @default.
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- W4324387564 date "2023-06-01" @default.
- W4324387564 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4324387564 title "Geochemical and geochronological analysis of Harrat Rahat, Saudi Arabia: An example of plume related intraplate magmatism" @default.
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