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• W43286410 abstract "Minority families are less likely than Anglos to seek services from community agencies. Two studies were conducted with 178 Hispanic, 309 American Indian (Ute and Navajo), and 363 Anglo parents using the Social Network Questionnaire, Self-Perceptions of the Parental Role scale, checklists of community resources, and the Marin acculturation measure. In Study 1, low-income Mexican American, American Indian, and Anglo parents reported their use of community programs as well as personality and network characteristics. Study 2 included measures of acculturation and substance use. Anglo parents were more likely to use community services, even controlling for income. Self-efficacy explained ethnic and income variations in formal support in both studies. Study 1 parents with interconnected social networks also sought help less often. Focus groups with minority parents revealed that geographic distance from services and socialization patterns, particularly self-reliance and reticence, also contributed to ethnic differences. Data indicate that motivations and alternative resources explain ethnic differences in help seeking. (SAS) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** Ethnic Variations in Use of Community Programs David MacPhee Janet J. Fritz Marcia Ohmert Schubert Colorado State University 1 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement ED midCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY c-ph TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) BEST COPY AVAILAIKE This research was funded by a High-Risk Youth grant from the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention and by a Head Start/University Partnership grant. Portions of Study 1 were completed by Marcia (Ohmert) Schubert as part of her M.S. degree from Colorado State University. Address correspondence to David MacPhee, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (e-mail: macphee@cahs.colostate.edu). 2 ABSTRACT Minority families are less likely than Anglos to seek services from community agencies, but the reasons for this are poorly understood. In Study 1, low-income Mexican-American, American Indian, and Anglo parents reported their use of various community programs as well as personality and network characteristics. Using a similar sample, Study 2 included measures of acculturation and substance use. Anglo parents were more likely to use community services, even controlling for income. Self-efficacy explained ethnic and income variations in formal support in both studies; Study 1 parents with interconnected social networks also sought help less often. Focus groups with minority parents revealed that geographic distance from services and socialization patterns, particularly self-reliance and reticence, also contribute to these ethnic differences. These data indicate that motivations and alternative resources explain ethnic differences in help seeking.Minority families are less likely than Anglos to seek services from community agencies, but the reasons for this are poorly understood. In Study 1, low-income Mexican-American, American Indian, and Anglo parents reported their use of various community programs as well as personality and network characteristics. Using a similar sample, Study 2 included measures of acculturation and substance use. Anglo parents were more likely to use community services, even controlling for income. Self-efficacy explained ethnic and income variations in formal support in both studies; Study 1 parents with interconnected social networks also sought help less often. Focus groups with minority parents revealed that geographic distance from services and socialization patterns, particularly self-reliance and reticence, also contribute to these ethnic differences. These data indicate that motivations and alternative resources explain ethnic differences in help seeking. BACKGROUND Minority families less often avail themselves of community-based programs even though they are more likely to live in poverty and to need mental health services (Golding & Wells, 1990). One explanation for this disparity is that community programs may be less accessible to minority families because of language barriers, inconvenient hours, cost, or staff prejudice (Schorr, 1989). Also, informal networks often are the primary source of support for many families (Keefe et al., 1979). In collectivistic cultures such as Mexican American and American Indian groups, a preference for family help may be especially strong. Personal attributes also may play a role in the use of community services. For example, individuals who have an internal locus of control may be less likely to seek help, but they may also derive more benefit from the assistance they receive (Sandler & Lakey, 1982). As well, people with strong efficacy beliefs may be more self-reliant when faced with problems, and are more likely to persist in solving them. We could fmd very little research on American Indians' use of community services. Research suggests that they, like Hispanic families, face barriers to access and prefer assistance from kinship networks. We therefore postulated that both groups have more close-knit social networks as well as receive more support from them; such differences would partly explain variations in use of community services. We also hypothesized that parents who believe themselves to be competent also may be more self-reliant, and so are less likely to turn to community services for help with family and mental health issues." @default.
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• W43286410 title "Ethnic Variations in Use of Community Programs." @default.
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