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• W4360609819 abstract "Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a numerically based tool for the prediction of flow field, concentration, and temperature distribution in single- and multiphase systems. Its main parts are mathematical modeling, discretization, numerical solution of the discretized equations, and the interpretation of numerical results. While the major task of chemical engineers is the development and application of models as well as the interpretation of results, they also need a basic understanding of numerical methods to fulfill these tasks appropriately. The basic equations in all mathematical models for CFD are balances for momentum and mass determining velocity, pressure, and density field. Depending on the case considered, they are supplemented by mass balances for single species and a heat balance. Additional models are required to describe turbulence, nonideal thermodynamics, multiphase flows, chemically reactive system, and other cases. It is more difficult to fix the geometry of the simulation area, even though computer aided design (CAD) tools provide support. For the discretization of the balance equation, discretization of the considered geometry is required, i.e., grid generation. Most codes support unstructured grids that can be flexibly adapted to complex geometries. Nevertheless, requirements concerning grid structure must be fulfilled to get stable convergence and an accurate solution. Most CFD codes use finite volume discretization for the balance equations as it fulfills balances inherently. For certain applications it is favorable to apply different methods, such as the finite element method (FEM), the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Finally, the numerical results must be graphically presented and interpreted. Because of the huge amount of numerical data provided by each simulation, this cannot be done with a general method. The data must always be analyzed in reference to a certain research question. Errors caused by the model formulation and by the numerical scheme must be analyzed in order to judge the accuracy of a simulation. Quantitative estimates are required for an adequate interpretation of the results. The article contains sections titled: 1 Introduction 2 Procedure 3 Modeling 3.1 Transport Equations 3.1.1 Continuity Equation 3.1.2 Equation of Motion 3.1.3 Navier–Stokes Equations 3.1.4 Concentration Equation 3.1.5 Energy Equation 3.2 Initial and Boundary Conditions 3.3 Turbulent Flow 3.3.1 Reynolds Averaging 3.3.2 Large-Eddy Simulations 3.3.3 Micromixing Models 3.4 Multiphase Approaches 3.4.1 Euler–Euler Method 3.4.2 Euler–Lagrange Method 3.4.3 Discrete Element Method 3.4.4 Discontinuous Multiphase Systems 3.4.5 Interface Tracking 3.4.6 Interface Capturing 4 Numerics 4.1 Computational Grid 4.2 Discretization of Transport Equations 4.2.1 Discretization in Space 4.2.2 Discretization in Time 4.3 Pressure Correction Methods 5 Interpretation 6 Application References" @default.
• W4360609819 created "2023-03-24" @default.
• W4360609819 creator A5089551425 @default.
• W4360609819 date "2023-03-23" @default.
• W4360609819 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
• W4360609819 title "Computational Fluid Dynamics" @default.
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• W4360609819 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.i07_i01.pub2" @default.
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