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• W4361269930 abstract "HomePlant DiseaseVol. 107, No. 9Occurrence of Rust Disease Caused by Gymnosporangium pleoporum on Cotoneaster acutifolius in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseOccurrence of Rust Disease Caused by Gymnosporangium pleoporum on Cotoneaster acutifolius in ChinaQinen He, Luchao Bai, and Fang CaiQinen HeCollege of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Luchao Bai†Corresponding author: L. C. Bai; E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0641-7184College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Fang CaiXining Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Station, Xining, 810008 Qinghai, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Qinen He1 Luchao Bai1, † Fang Cai2 1College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China 2Xining Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Station, Xining, 810008 Qinghai, China Published Online:23 Aug 2023https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-22-2945-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleSpecies of Gymnosporangium are major pathogenic rust fungi causing diseases and significant economic losses of plants in the families Cupressaceae and Rosaceae (Kern 1973). During our investigation of rust fungi in Qinghai Province, northwestern China, we found the spermogonial and aecial stages of Gymnosporangium species on Cotoneaster acutifolius. C. acutifolius is a woody plant that ranges in habit from ground-covers to airy shrubs and medium-sized trees (Rothleutner et al. 2016). Upon investigation in the field, the incidence of rust on C. acutifolius was 80 and 60% (n = 100) in 2020 and 2022, respectively. C. acutifolius leaves showing abundant aecia were collected from the Batang forest area of Yushu (32.45°N, 97.19°E; altitude 3,835 m), Qinghai, China, from August to October of both years. The rust symptom first developed on the upper surface, appearing yellow, then dark brown, with aggregated spermogonia in yellow-orange leaf spots. These spots enlarged gradually, displaying an orange-yellow color, and were often bordered by red concentric rings. In the later stage, many pale yellow, roestelioid aecia developed on the abaxial surfaces of the leaves or fruits. The morphology of this fungus was studied using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (JEOL, JSM–6360LV). Microscopic examination showed that aecia were foliicolous, hypophyllous, and roestelioid, producing cylindrical peridia that were acuminate, split above, and became relatively lacerate near the base and relatively erect after dehiscence. Peridial cells were rhomboid and 42 to 118 × 11 to 27 μm (n = 30). They had smooth outer walls and rugose inner and side walls with long obliquely arranged ridges. Aeciospores were ellipsoid, chestnut brown, and 20 to 38 × 15 to 35 μm (n = 30), with a wall densely and minutely verrucose and 1- to 3-μm thick, with 4 to 10 pores. Whole genomic DNA was extracted (Tian et al. 2004), and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region was amplified with the primer pair ITS3 (Gardes and Bruns 1993) and ITS4 (Vogler and Bruns 1998). The sequence of the amplified fragment was deposited in the GenBank database (GenBank accession no. MW714871). A BLAST search of GenBank showed high identity (>99%) with the reference sequences of Gymnosporangium pleoporum (GenBank accession nos. MH178659 and MH178658). G. pleoporum was first described from specimens in the telial stage found on Juniperus przewalskii from Menyuan County of Qinghai Province in China (Tao et al. 2020). In this study, the fungus G. pleoporum of spermogonial and aecial stages was collected from C. acutifolius, and we confirmed the alternate host of G. pleoporum based on DNA extraction results. To our knowledge, this is the first report of G. pleoporum causing rust disease on C. acutifolius. Because the alternate host can be infected by several different species of Gymnosporangium (Tao et al. 2020), further investigations are needed to verify the heteroecious nature of the rust fungus.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Gardes, M., and Bruns, T. D. 1993. Mol. Ecol. 2:113. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1993.tb00005.x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarKern, F. D. 1973. Page 1 in: A Revised Taxonomic Account of Gymnosporangium. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, PA. Google ScholarRothleutner, J. J., et al. 2016. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 141:457. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS03776-16 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarTao, S.-Q., et al. 2020. Mycologia 112:941. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2020.1790272 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarTian, C.-M., et al. 2004. Mycoscience 45:56. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-003-0150-Z Crossref, Google ScholarVogler, D. R., and Bruns, T. D. 1998. Mycologia 90:244. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1998.12026904 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarFunding: Funding was provided by Qinghai Province Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Project (2023-SF-119).The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 107, No. 9 September 2023SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Metrics Article History Issue Date: 29 Sep 2023Published: 23 Aug 2023First Look: 30 Mar 2023Accepted: 27 Mar 2023 Page: 2887 Information© 2023 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingQinghai Province Science and Technology Achievements Transformation ProjectGrant/Award Number: 2023-SF-119KeywordsChinaCotoneaster acutifoliusGymnosporangium pleoporumrust diseaseThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF download" @default.
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• W4361269930 title "Occurrence of Rust Disease Caused by <i>Gymnosporangium pleoporum</i> on <i>Cotoneaster acutifolius</i> in China" @default.
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