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- W4366171185 abstract "The autophagy pathway mediates degradation of organelles in response to stress or as a programmed process during specialized cell differentiation. Epidermal keratinocytes undergo wholesale organelle elimination to form compacted cornified cells; this catabolic event is essential to generate the cutaneous barrier but its mechanisms are not fully understood. We previously identified an autophagy receptor that triggers selective degradation of mitochondria in cornifying keratinocytes, which led us to search for distinct receptors coordinating breakdown of other organelle compartments during cornification. Confocal microscopy of live organotypic human epidermis demonstrated that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) undergoes dramatic fragmentation in the outermost keratinocyte layers. Further imaging of an autophagy biosensor showed targeting of ER remnants to lysosomes, supporting our hypothesis that cornifying keratinocytes induce autophagic ER degradation, called reticulophagy. Murine epidermal RNAseq data revealed that expression of an ER-specific autophagy receptor, TEX264, is amplified in the outer keratinocyte layers. Immunostaining human skin biopsies and organotypic epidermis confirmed TEX264 is most highly expressed in granular layer keratinocytes, which are poised to eliminate their organelles. Ectopic expression of TEX264 in undifferentiated keratinocytes was sufficient to induce ER fragmentation and route organelle remnants into LC3-labeled autophagosomes and mutation of its LC3-interacting region compromised this function of TEX264. Endogenous TEX264 was upregulated by chemical ER stressors in keratinocytes; chronic ER stress elevation caused premature expression of TEX264 in the lower layers of organotypic epidermis and thinning of the epithelium due to precocious cornification. Based on our data, we propose a model in which the selective autophagy receptor TEX264 drives ER breakdown in keratinocytes both as a constitutive process during terminal differentiation and as a response to ER stress to support epidermal tissue homeostasis." @default.
- W4366171185 created "2023-04-19" @default.
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- W4366171185 date "2023-05-01" @default.
- W4366171185 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W4366171185 title "699 TEX264 drives autophagic degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum in keratinocytes during epidermal differentiation and upon ER stress" @default.
- W4366171185 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.708" @default.
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