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- W4367603410 abstract "One of the key steps in the pattern formation chain of (extreme ultraviolet) EUV lithography is the development process to resolve the resist pattern after EUV exposure. A simple traditional development process might not be sufficient to achieve the requirements of an ultra-high-resolution feature with low defect levels in high numerical aperture (NA) EUV lithography. In our previous literature, a new development method named ESPERT<sup>TM</sup> (Enhanced Sensitivity develoPER Technology<sup>TM</sup>) has been introduced to improve the performance of metal oxide resists (MOR) for 0.33 NA EUV lithography by breaking the dose-roughness trade-off. In this work, this development technique was optimised for high-NA lithography to not only keep the advantages of previous ESPERT<sup>TM</sup> version, but also reduce the defect levels at a higher EUV sensitivity. This is made possible thanks to the capability of the new version of ESPERT<sup>TM</sup> that can easily remove the residue (undeveloped resist) at low exposure dose area to enhance the developing contrast. Using 0.33 NA EUV scanners at imec on 16-nm half-pitch (HP) line/space (L/S) patterns, with the new development method, EUV dose-to-size (DtS) was reduced roughly 16%, and total after-development-inspection (ADI) defects was reduced by a factor of approximately 7, simultaneously. In another condition, DtS was reduced from 44.2 to 28.4 mJ/cm² (an improvement of 36%), while the number of after-etch-inspection (AEI) single-bridge defects was reduced by half, simultaneously. Using the 0.5 NA exposure tool at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory with this new development method, the exposure sensitivity and line-width-roughness (LWR) were both improved by 30% and 21%, respectively. An 8-nm-HP L/S pattern was also successfully printed by this high NA tool. Using a 150 kV electron-beam (EB) lithography system, a 12-nm-HP of pillars was successfully printed on a 22-nm-thick MOR resist with ESPERT<sup>TM</sup>. With all the advantages of having a high exposure sensitivity, a low defectivity, and an ultra-high-resolution capability, this new development method is expected to be a solution for high-NA EUV lithography." @default.
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- W4367603410 date "2023-05-01" @default.
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- W4367603410 title "Advanced development methods for high-NA EUV lithography" @default.
- W4367603410 doi "https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2655928" @default.
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