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• W4376543504 abstract "Reviewed by: Kids Those Days: Children in Medieval Culture ed. by Lahney Preston-Matto and Mary A. Valante Matthew Koval Kids Those Days: Children in Medieval Culture. Edited by Lahney Preston-Matto and Mary A. Valante. Leiden: Brill, 2022. xiii + 362 pp. The study of medieval childhood has come a long way in recent decades, and this edited volume showcases a number of the most recent methods and approaches to this topic. The geographical scope of the volume, while including a stray chapter on Byzantium, is primarily centered on northern Europe, specifically the British Isles, Iceland, and Scandinavia. Various sources are used, including church paintings, Icelandic sagas, court records, archaeology, miracle stories, liturgy, and contemporary literature, to give readers an excellent introduction to where the field stands regarding the study of children in the Middle Ages. The book's fourteen chapters are divided into three main parts according to very general topics: Children in Medieval Religion, Children in Medieval Law and Justice, and Vulnerable Children. Despite these broad categories, often the methodological approaches and source material of the various articles show more similarity to other chapters outside their part than within. For example, many (specifically chapters 2, 6, 8, 9, 12, and 13), to greater or lesser degree, follow the literary turn in history. The authors work to deconstruct the contours of the social relationships and meanings embedded in their chosen texts, whether these be religious liturgy or secular romances or sagas. While the aforementioned chapters are united by general approach, chapters 4, 5, and 11 are united by their source material, as they utilize hagiographical miracula in order to approach issues such as the nature of child danger, the incidences of children in [End Page 334] these texts, the daily activities of children, and the response of the community to child endangerment. There are also a number of chapters that stand alone for various reasons, but mostly due to the source material, which, unlike the chapters discussed so far, is not based on secular or hagiographical literature. Chapter 1 is the lone chapter based on art historical evidence and comes from Byzantine iconography, in which the Disrobing Child motif is examined in its theological and social context to attempt to establish its contours of meaning. Chapter 10 is also unique for its focus on archaeology, and while this chapter introduces little new, it serves as an excellent introduction to the state of the field of mortuary archaeology of medieval children. Also set apart is chapter 7, which draws evidence from law codes and court proceedings to establish the existence of special protections for child victims and the immunities for child perpetrators, while comparing Irish and English traditions of law in this regard. Despite the great contributions this book offers the field, one goal of the editors remains unfulfilled. The editors had hoped that this edition would attempt to peer under the multiple layers of social and cultural stereotypes, expectations, and constructions of childhood, as much as possible, by paying attention to the voice of the child him or herself (5). Some chapters, perhaps, came close to this objective. For example, Ruth Salter in chapter 4 was able to find a very few precious miracle testimonies by children or by adults healed as children, though even these were recorded and arranged by the recording papal delegation and can hardly be seen as authentic, spontaneous words of children themselves. Perhaps some of the unsanctioned actions and (mis)behaviors connected with boy bishop ceremonies in chapter 2 by Gavin Fort might also be seen as revealing some juvenile agency, despite being recorded in the words of adults. Nevertheless, the overall impression is that none of the chapters in the volume were particularly effective at actually accessing the medieval child voice. Perhaps one cannot be too disappointed, for as Melissa Raine points out (for different purposes) in chapter 8, while scholars often look for medieval voices in texts, true voices are embodied phenomena, and the bodies of medieval children (and adults) are long gone (161–63). Texts, whether recording the words of adults or children, are not true voices anyway, so scholars should not assume that we can escape the limitations of texts..." @default.
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• W4376543504 date "2023-03-01" @default.
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• W4376543504 title "Kids Those Days: Children in Medieval Culture ed. by Lahney Preston-Matto and Mary A. Valante" @default.
• W4376543504 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/hcy.2023.0041" @default.
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