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- W4377037265 abstract "Abstract This chapter traces the origins of federal immigration policy to the Civil War. The Coolie Trade Prohibition Act (1862) banned American ships from transporting unfree Chinese workers to foreign destinations. This law classified Chinese migrant workers in the American West as free and did not affect immigration to the United States. Yet Chinese immigrants faced intense hostility, including discriminatory taxes, exclusionary laws, and a ban on testifying against white witnesses (upheld by the California Supreme Court in People v. Hall in 1854). Under the Act to Encourage Immigration (1864), the federal government recognized short-term contracts for European contract workers. The American Emigrant Company, the main recruiting agency, provoked opposition to contract labor by importing strikebreakers after the Civil War. Restrictionists in the 1860s and 1870s, meanwhile, claimed that all Chinese laborers were coolies and should be excluded on antislavery grounds. White European workers who came to American voluntarily became the archetypal immigrants, while Chinese laborers were characterized as inherently unfree." @default.
- W4377037265 created "2023-05-19" @default.
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- W4377037265 date "2023-07-25" @default.
- W4377037265 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W4377037265 title "The Antislavery Origins of Immigration Policy" @default.
- W4377037265 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197580080.003.0006" @default.
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