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- W4378651572 abstract "Despite its long and consequential relationship with humanity, the highly infectious and lethal variola virus, or smallpox, has been eradicated since 1977 thanks to unprecedented global coordination. And yet, as a class A biothreat, it remains a persistent clinical concern worthy of continued planning, preparedness, and research. Whether emerging naturally, released, reconstructed, or genetically enhanced, reintroduction of this deadly pathogen is a public health emergency. Strong community awareness is necessary to expedite detection and differentiation from the more commonplace chickenpox, which lacks the classic synchronous, centrifugal pattern of skin lesions following fever. Unfortunately, both the 7- to 19-day incubation period and subsequent nonspecific prodrome make rapid diagnosis difficult. Early efforts to minimize spread necessarily depend on decreasing contact between infected and susceptible individuals through implementation of airborne and droplet precautions, negative-pressure isolation, and a multipronged public strategy involving contact tracing, quarantining, screening, and targeted ring vaccinations of the symptomatic, exposed, and at-risk up to 4 days postexposure. Smallpox treatment is largely supportive and relies on preventing secondary bacterial infection, although novel antivirals like tecovirimat may be of benefit. There are several reasons why smallpox may be enticing as a bioweapon, from its low median lethal dose to its lasting stability in air with the potential to be spread up to 15 kilometers away. It is for this reason that the reemergence of variola or a weaponized variant into the general population remains a clinical concern decades after its eradication." @default.
- W4378651572 created "2023-05-30" @default.
- W4378651572 creator A5015113259 @default.
- W4378651572 date "2024-01-01" @default.
- W4378651572 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W4378651572 title "Variola Major Virus (Smallpox) Attack" @default.
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- W4378651572 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-80932-0.00141-5" @default.
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