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- W4378699797 endingPage "887.e5" @default.
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- W4378699797 abstract "Providing optimal enteral nutrition to neonates presents a difficult clinical challenge when the nutritional needs are greater than at any other time of life. Preterm infants begin life with limited nutrient deposition, coupled with a high degree of illness, making the provision of adequate calories and protein immediately after birth extremely urgent. This is balanced against a high risk of feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), infections, and postnatal growth faltering. Late preterm and term infants with high disease acuity such as congenital heart disease (CHD), surgical intestinal disorders such as gastroschisis and intestinal atresias, congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), and ECMO (extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation) also have greatly increased caloric needs and unique feeding challenges. Current recommendations for provision of enteral nutrition are based on the elusive goal of duplicating rates of intrauterine accretion of the fetus at the same postmenstrual age. Even when guidelines for nutrient intake are meticulously followed, many infants will experience postnatal growth faltering, especially those with one or more major morbidities. The association between suboptimal postnatal growth and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes is especially worrisome, and emphasizes the importance of optimizing nutritional support for infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). To meet nutrient requirements, a combined approach of parenteral and enteral nutrition is imperative to achieve optimal growth outcomes and minimize morbidities. This chapter describes the basis of recommendations for enteral nutrient support for high-risk neonates, evidence regarding the initiation and advancement of enteral feedings in premature infants, and special considerations for post-discharge nutrition are reviewed." @default.
- W4378699797 created "2023-05-30" @default.
- W4378699797 creator A5014225664 @default.
- W4378699797 creator A5062838594 @default.
- W4378699797 date "2024-01-01" @default.
- W4378699797 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W4378699797 title "Enteral Nutrition" @default.
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