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• W4378906403 abstract "Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) causes a chronic, incurable infection leading to immune activation and chronic inflammation in people with HIV-1 (PWH), even with virologic suppression on antiretroviral therapy (ART). The role of lymphoid structures as reservoirs for viral latency and immune activation has been implicated in chronic inflammation mechanisms. Still, the specific transcriptomic changes induced by HIV-1 infection in different cell types within lymphoid tissue remain unexplored. Methods In this study, we utilized human tonsil explants from healthy human donors and infected them with HIV-1 ex vivo . We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze the cell types represented in the tissue and to investigate the impact of infection on gene expression profiles and inflammatory signaling pathways. Results Our analysis revealed that infected CD4 + T cells exhibited upregulation of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, macrophages exposed to the virus but uninfected showed increased expression of genes associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Discussion These findings provide valuable insights into the specific transcriptomic changes induced by HIV-1 infection in different cell types within lymphoid tissue. The activation of oxidative phosphorylation in infected CD4 + T cells and the proinflammatory response in macrophages may contribute to the chronic inflammation observed in PWH despite ART. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies to eradicate HIV-1 infection in PWH." @default.
• W4378906403 created "2023-06-01" @default.
• W4378906403 creator A5007683158 @default.
• W4378906403 creator A5026912903 @default.
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• W4378906403 creator A5054852278 @default.
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• W4378906403 creator A5070940288 @default.
• W4378906403 creator A5072295626 @default.
• W4378906403 creator A5088534522 @default.
• W4378906403 date "2023-05-30" @default.
• W4378906403 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
• W4378906403 title "HIV-1 activates oxidative phosphorylation in infected CD4 T cells in a human tonsil explant model" @default.
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