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• W4379434216 abstract "i6o SEER, 85, I, 2007 debates on capitalism in the I89os, on his significance for young economic historianssuch as Petr Liashchenko,and on his visit to Russia. It also includes the texts of his articlesand the interviewshe gave on the occasion of his first and only visit to Russia. By the time he had reached forty, Sombarthad alreadypublished substantial studies on socialistthought and social movements, on German economic development and on modern capitalism. (Moderne Kapitalismus, a work that coined the term 'capitalism',has never been translatedinto English.)He had begun to develop an interest in the history of consumption and leisure. According to the authors, he was already well known to a Russian audience by virtueof the relaxationof censorshipin Russiain 1905-07, which permitted the translationof his book on the 'Jewishcontribution'to economic development . His views on modernization and 'culturalprogress'gained an enthusiastic reception among Russian liberals, although radical social democrats questionedhis shiftfrom a purelyMarxistto what the authorshere describeas a more 'romantic'anti-capitaliststance, founded upon a belief that capitalism had produced a 'fragmented'society. One of his Russianreaders,perhapsnot unfairly, criticized Sombart on the grounds that he failed to clarify for his readerswhich of the many mono-causal explanationshe had proposedfor the development of capitalism,Jews, war, love or luxury, was decisive. Sombart's works are now largely ignored except by specialists and it is unlikelythat this book will remedy this state of affairs,although this is hardly the authors' fault. Their book does not pretend to be a full exposition of Sombart's intellectual development. Its aims are more modest and in any case, if truthbe told, Sombart'snewspaperarticleson his trip to Russia make no great impressionon the reader -'Ich bin sehr froh, in Russland zu sein [...] Das russischeVolk ist ein mysterioserGigant, hinter dessen Geheimnis man nicht so leicht kommen kann' (p. II7). It is to the authors'creditthat they have carefullyand thoroughlydocumented Sombart'sreception in Russia and demonstratedwhy leading Russian thinkerstook him seriously,at least until the onset of Stalinism. Schoolof Arts, Historiesand Cultures PETERGATRELL University ofManchester Heaton-Armstrong, Duncan. 7he Six MonthKingdom: AlbaniaI9I4. Edited by G. Belfield and B. Destani. I. B. Tauris in association with the Centre for Albanian Studies, London, 2005. xlv + I9I pp. Map. Illustrations. Notes. Bibliography. Index. [24.50. Pearson, Owen. AlbaniaandKingZog:Independence, Republic andMonarchy I908I939 . Albania in the Twentieth Century: A History, Volume i. I. B. Tauris in association with the Centre for Albanian Studies, London, 2005. xvii + 585 pp. Maps. Notes. Bibliography. Indexes. [49.50. A few months before the outbreakof World War I, Europe'ssix greatpowers called Albania into existence, hoping to calm the dangerous situation in the Balkans.They also decided its constitution,which they modelled in their own REVIEWS i6i image. The new principalitywas to be a hereditary,constitutionalmonarchy. Its firstprince, chosen by a committee of the Powers,was the unobjectionable Prince William of Wied, a presentable 37-year-old Captain in a German Uhlan regiment. Though hyped by his aunt, Queen Elisabeth of Romania (alias Carmen Silva, the romantic novelist), the Kaiser thought William unsuitable and Edith Durham concurred,judging him 'a feeble stick [with] a nervous laugh'. Lacking energy, diffident, indecisive, and ignorant of the countryhe had been chosen to rule, he resemblesa bemused innocent, out of his depth in a Balkanmaelstrom, the central characterin a farce. If William was the star, there was a strong supporting cast: an AngloAustrianprivate secretaryto whom contemporariesreferredas 'the chocolate soldier';an Italian political adviser who would creep into the Prince's study at night to spy on his correspondence; a wily Minister of the Interior who coveted the throne; a harp-playingprincess;wild-lookingtribesmenraised to defend the regime, who refused to march against rebels because they 'were wearing theirbest clotheswhich they did not intend to spoil for anybody';and an unflappable English butler who, when the sound of gunfire drew near, complained only that 'these scares do delay meals so'. Some Western newspapersmight have describedAlbania as a fairyland,but the stagewas set for tragedy rather than farce. The country had little infrastructure,few assets, and a huge balance of payments deficit. The population was mostly poverty-strickenand illiterate; differenceswere customarilysettled by blood feud rather than by the courts; and..." @default.
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• W4379434216 date "2007-01-01" @default.
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• W4379434216 title "The Six Month Kingdom: Albania 1914 by Duncan Heaton-Armstrong G. Belfield B. Destani Albania and King Zog: Independence, Republic and Monarchy 1908-1939 by Owen Pearson (review)" @default.
• W4379434216 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/see.2007.0052" @default.
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