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- W4379472754 abstract "The effects of neutron irradiation on materials are often interpreted in terms of atomic recoils, initiated by neutron impacts and producing crystal lattice defects. In addition, there is a remarkable two-step process, strongly pronounced in the medium-weight and heavy elements. This process involves the generation of energetic {gamma} photons in nonelastic collisions of neutrons with atomic nuclei, achieved via capture and inelastic reactions. Subsequently, high-energy electrons are excited through the scattering of {gamma} photons by the atomic electrons. We derive and validate equations enabling a fast and robust evaluation of photon and electron fluxes produced by the neutrons in the bulk of materials. The two-step n-{gamma}-e scattering creates a nonequilibrium dynamically fluctuating steady-state population of high-energy electrons, with the spectra of photon and electron energies extending well into the mega-electron-volt range. This stimulates vacancy diffusion through electron-triggered atomic recoils, primarily involving vacancy-impurity dissociation, even if thermal activation is ineffective. Tungsten converts the energy of fusion or fission neutrons into a flux of {gamma} radiation at the conversion efficiency approaching 99%, with implications for structural materials, superconductors, and insulators, as well as phenomena like corrosion, and helium and hydrogen isotope retention." @default.
- W4379472754 created "2023-06-07" @default.
- W4379472754 creator A5005837258 @default.
- W4379472754 creator A5027965306 @default.
- W4379472754 creator A5028067743 @default.
- W4379472754 creator A5039526031 @default.
- W4379472754 date "2023-06-05" @default.
- W4379472754 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
- W4379472754 title "Intense <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline overflow=scroll><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:math> -Photon and High-Energy Electron Production by Neutron Irradiation: Effects of Nuclear Excitations on Reactor Materials" @default.
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