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- W4380853048 abstract "Stomata are controllable micropores formed between two adjacent guard cells (GCs) that regulate gas flow across the plant surface.1Hetherington A.M. Woodward F.I. The role of stomata in sensing and driving environmental change.Nature. 2003; 424: 901-908Crossref PubMed Scopus (1589) Google Scholar Grasses, among the most successful organisms on the planet and the main food crops for humanity, have GCs flanked by specialized lateral subsidiary cells (SCs).2Nunes T.D.G. Zhang D. Raissig M.T. Form, development and function of grass stomata.Plant J. 2020; 101: 780-799Crossref PubMed Scopus (42) Google Scholar,3Raissig M.T. Abrash E. Bettadapur A. Vogel J.P. Bergmann D.C. Grasses use an alternatively wired bHLH transcription factor network to establish stomatal identity.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2016; 113: 8326-8331Crossref PubMed Scopus (96) Google Scholar,4McKown K.H. Bergmann D.C. Grass stomata.Curr. Biol. 2018; 28: R814-R816Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar SCs improve performance by acting as a local pool of ions and metabolites to drive changes in turgor pressure within the GCs that open/close the stomatal pore.4McKown K.H. Bergmann D.C. Grass stomata.Curr. Biol. 2018; 28: R814-R816Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar,5McAusland L. Vialet-Chabrand S. Davey P. Baker N.R. Brendel O. Lawson T. Effects of kinetics of light-induced stomatal responses on photosynthesis and water-use efficiency.New Phytol. 2016; 211: 1209-1220Crossref PubMed Scopus (223) Google Scholar,6Raschke K. Fellows M.P. Stomatal movement in Zea mays: shuttle of potassium and chloride between guard cells and subsidiary cells.Planta. 1971; 101: 296-316Crossref PubMed Scopus (124) Google Scholar,7Schäfer N. Maierhofer T. Herrmann J. Jørgensen M.E. Lind C. von Meyer K. Lautner S. Fromm J. Felder M. Hetherington A.M. et al.A tandem amino acid residue motif in guard cell SLAC1 anion channel of grasses allows for the control of stomatal aperture by nitrate.Curr. Biol. 2018; 28: 1370-1379.e5Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar,8Mumm P. Wolf T. Fromm J. Roelfsema M.R. Marten I. Cell type-specific regulation of ion channels within the maize stomatal complex.Plant Cell Physiol. 2011; 52: 1365-1375Crossref PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar The 4-celled complex also involves distinctive changes in geometry, having dumbbell-shaped GCs compared with typical kidney-shaped stomata.2Nunes T.D.G. Zhang D. Raissig M.T. Form, development and function of grass stomata.Plant J. 2020; 101: 780-799Crossref PubMed Scopus (42) Google Scholar,4McKown K.H. Bergmann D.C. Grass stomata.Curr. Biol. 2018; 28: R814-R816Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar,9Franks P.J. Farquhar G.D. The mechanical diversity of stomata and its significance in gas-exchange control.Plant Physiol. 2007; 143: 78-87Crossref PubMed Scopus (406) Google Scholar However, the degree to which this distinctive geometry contributes to improved stomatal performance, and the underlying mechanism, remains unclear. To address this question, we created a finite element method (FEM) model of a grass stomatal complex that successfully captures experimentally observed pore opening/closure. Exploration of the model, including in silico and experimental mutant analyses, supports the importance of a reciprocal pressure system between GCs and SCs for effective stomatal function, with SCs functioning as springs to restrain lateral GC movement. Our results show that SCs are not essential but lead to a more responsive system. In addition, we show that GC wall anisotropy is not required for grass stomatal function (in contrast to kidney-shaped GCs10Woolfenden H.C. Bourdais G. Kopischke M. Miedes E. Molina A. Robatzek S. Morris R.J. A computational approach for inferring the cell wall properties that govern guard cell dynamics.Plant J. 2017; 92: 5-18Crossref PubMed Scopus (32) Google Scholar) but that a relatively thick GC rod region is needed to enhance pore opening. Our results demonstrate that a specific cellular geometry and associated mechanical properties are required for the effective functioning of grass stomata." @default.
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- W4380853048 date "2023-07-01" @default.
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- W4380853048 title "Grasses exploit geometry to achieve improved guard cell dynamics" @default.
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- W4380853048 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.051" @default.
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