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- W4381194652 abstract "The current artificial intelligence (AI)-based prediction approaches of soil pollutants are inadequate in estimating the geospatial source-sink processes and striking a balance between the interpretability and accuracy, resulting in poor spatial extrapolation and generalization. In this study, we developed and tested a geographically interpretable four-dimensional AI prediction model for soil heavy metal (Cd) contents (4DGISHM) in Shaoguan city of China from 2016 to 2030. The 4DGISHM approach characterized spatio-temporal changes in source-sink processes of soil Cd by estimating spatio-temporal patterns and the effects of drivers and their interactions of soil Cd at local to regional scales using TreeExplainer-based SHAP and parallel ensemble AI algorithms. The results demonstrate that the prediction model achieved MSE and R2 values of 0.012 and 0.938, respectively, at a spatial resolution of 1 km. The predicted areas exceeding the risk control values for soil Cd across Shaoguan from 2022 to 2030 increased by 22.92% at the baseline scenario. By 2030, enterprise and transportation emissions (SHAP values 0.23 and 0.12 mg/kg, respectively) were the major drivers. The influence of driver interactions on soil Cd was marginal. Our approach surpasses the limitations of the AI black box by integrating spatio-temporal source-sink explanation and accuracy. This advancement enables geographically precise prediction and control of soil pollutants." @default.
- W4381194652 created "2023-06-20" @default.
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- W4381194652 date "2023-09-01" @default.
- W4381194652 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4381194652 title "A novel four-dimensional prediction model of soil heavy metal pollution: Geographical explanations beyond artificial intelligence black box" @default.
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- W4381194652 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131900" @default.
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