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• W4381511271 abstract "During September to October 2022 a blight disease was observed on the leaves and panicles of rice cv. Swarna Sub-1, with an incidence of 40–50%, in the paddy fields around the village of Ambabhona (21°34'34.3“N 83°28'08.2”E) in Bargarh district, Odisha, India. Lesions appeared first as water-soaked spots, yellow or brownish in colour, eventually become necrotic causing leaf blight (Figures 1, 2). Grains were also affected and rusty, brownish water-soaked lesions appeared on the lemma and/or palea of the grains, gradually becoming blighted, and no grain filling occurred leading to the formation of “chaffy” seed. Leaf and grain samples were taken from diseased plants and after sterilisation with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution and washing in sterile distilled water, samples were placed onto King's B agar medium and incubated in a growth chamber at 28±1°C. A bacterial colony was isolated, regular in shape with a smooth surface, margin entire, raised elevation and slightly yellowish in colour (Figure 3). The isolate was Gram –ve, aerobic and appeared rod shaped when examined using a scanning electron microscope (Figure 4). Biochemical analysis using a VITEK 2 automated microbiology system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) identified the bacterium as Pantoea dispersa with 98% probability, showing positive results for D-cellobiose, β-Galactosidase, D-Glucose, D-Mannitol, D-Mannose, and negative results for H2S production, β-Glucosidase, D-Maltose, Lipase, Urease, D-Sorbitol. For molecular characterisation, the 16S rRNA gene was amplified using the primer pair 27F/1492R (Chen et al. 2015) and Sanger sequenced directly (Genbank Accession No. OQ511269.1). The sequence had 99.74% nucleotide identity with Pantoea dispersa strain MN421511.1. (Figure 5) A pathogenicity test was done as described by Kini et al. (2020). Pathogenicity tests were performed using 15 five-week old rice plants (cv. Swarna Sub-1) and 1–2 ml of bacterial suspension (110 cells/ml) was applied 2–5 cm below the tip of the leaves of each plant. The same volume of sterile distilled water was applied to rice plants as a healthy control. The plants were transferred to a glasshouse. Water-soaked spots appeared four-five days after infection (DAI), mainly at the inoculated areas of the leaves and later turned to yellowish or brownish in colour, eventually become necrotic 15–20 DAI. After 20–25 DAI the plants produced grains with blighted panicles and formed “chaffy” seed. Control plants remained healthy. Pantoea species have been reported to increase rice growth and yield, possibly due to their ability to colonise rice as an endophyte (Adeleke et al., 2021). However, other studies have shown that the Pantoea species have a significant detrimental effect on rice yield leading to significant economic losses (Doni et al.,2019) and recently, P. dispersa was identified as the pathogen responsible for rice leaf blight in Malaysia (Toh et al., 2019). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Pantoea dispersa causing rice leaf and grain blight in India. We thank the Central Instrumentation Facility, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology for providing the facilities required for this study." @default.
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• W4381511271 date "2023-04-01" @default.
• W4381511271 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W4381511271 title "First report of <i>Pantoea dispersa</i> causing leaf, panicle and grain blight in India" @default.
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• W4381511271 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/ndr2.12190" @default.
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