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• W4381802007 abstract "Although eddy parameterization schemes are often based on the local assumption, previous studies indicate that the nonlocality of total eddy mixing is prevalent at the Kuroshio Extension (KE). For eddy-permitting climate models, only mixing induced by eddies smaller than the resolvable scale of climate models ( <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im1><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> ) needs to be parameterized. Therefore, here we aim to estimate and predict the nonlocality of scale-dependent eddy mixing at the KE region. We consider the separation scale <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im2><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> ranging from <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im3><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> to <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im4><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> , which is comparable to the typical resolution of the ocean component of climate models. Using a submesoscale-permitting model solution (MITgcm llc4320) and Lagrangian particles, we estimate the scale-dependent mixing (SDM) nonlocality ellipses and then diagnose the square root of the ellipse area ( <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im5><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mi>l</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> ). <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im6><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mi>l</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> is a metric to quantify the degree of SDM nonlocality. We found that, for all the available <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im7><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> values we consider, the SDM nonlocality is prevalent in the KE region, and mostly elevated values of <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im8><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mi>l</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> occur within the KE jet. As <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im9><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> decreases from <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im10><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> to <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im11><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∘</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> , the ratio <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im12><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mi>l</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo stretchy=false>/</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> increases from 0.8 to 8.9. This result indicates that the SDM nonlocality is more non-negligible for smaller <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im13><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> , which corresponds to climate models with relatively high resolution. As to the SDM nonlocality prediction, we found that compared to the conventional scaling and the curve-fitting methods, the random forest approach can better represent <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im14><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mi>l</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> , especially in the coastal regions and within the intense KE jet. The area of the Eulerian momentum ellipses well capture the spatial pattern, but not the magnitude, of <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im15><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>L</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mi>t</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mi>l</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> . Our efforts suggest that eddy parameterization schemes for eddy-permitting models may be improved by taking into account mixing nonlocality." @default.
• W4381802007 created "2023-06-24" @default.
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• W4381802007 date "2023-06-22" @default.
• W4381802007 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W4381802007 title "Nonlocality of scale-dependent eddy mixing at the Kuroshio Extension" @default.
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• W4381802007 doi "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1137216" @default.
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