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• W4381953313 abstract "Race, Freedom, and the Intimate Worlds of Women Tamika Y. Nunley (bio) Brandi Clay Brimmer. Claiming Union Widowhood: Race, Respectability, and Poverty in the Post-Emancipation South. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2020. 308 pp. ISBN 9781478010258 (cl.); 9781478011323 (pb.). Brigitte Fielder. Relative Races: Genealogies of Interracial Kinship in Nineteenth-Century America. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2020. 308 pp. ISBN 9781478010104 (cl.); 9781478011156 (pb.). Jessica Marie Johnson. Wicked Flesh: Black Women, Intimacy, and Freedom in the Atlantic World. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2020. 316 pp. ISBN 9780812252385 (cl.); 9781512823707 (pb.); 9781512823707 (ebook). New scholarship on race and gender, such as the monographs reviewed here, offer fresh insights and new frameworks for understanding the history of women during moments of global and national transformation. Rather than focusing directly on imperial and state-centered developments, scholars are unearthing representations of women and their rich and complex lives to show what we have failed to previously understand. Kinship, racial identity, and intimacy expand the possibilities for understanding the Atlantic world, empires, and life under the American nation states from slavery to freedom. These books are not intended to reconstitute existing analyses and instead offer theoretical and methodological innovations and a depth of analysis that inspire new questions and themes to consider. Wicked Flesh examines how African women and women of African descent used practices of kinship and intimacy to enact their own constituted ideas of freedom in the Atlantic world. Jessica Marie Johnson begins by introducing the reader to women who served as commercial agents, wives, tastemakers, slaves, concubines, and intermediaries of trade who strategically sought to shape their futures in the Senegambia comptoirs (administrative outposts). African women leveraged opportunities presented by the Atlantic trade, but they did so in ways that centered Senegambian customs in their encounters, exchanges, and relationships. Rituals of diplomacy between Europeans and Africans relied on the economies of hospitality, leisure, trade, and taste that were curated and made possible by the labor of African women. Senegambian women forged close ties between Europeans and other Africans—often resulting in intimate and sexual encounters—even as French company directors (Compagnie de Saint-Domingue, Company of Senegal, Compagnie des Indes, Copagnie d’Occident, and Compagnie des Indes Occidentales) tried to intervene and prevent such relationships. [End Page 140] Early intimate practices in West Africa looked different from those that later emerged in Atlantic slave societies. Senegambian women set in motion practices of patronage and alliances with Europeans on the basis of West African epistemologies of kinship and intimacy even as the French exploited these practices in service to managing empire. The names of African women were registered in the courts, parishes, and records of birth, marriage, inheritance, and death—in documents that were used to organize empire but that also traced evidence of kinship. Europeans forced African people and people of African descent onto slave ships and across the Atlantic to serve as the labor force, which built the colonies in the Americas. Johnson brings clarity to historical understandings of the experiences of Black women and girls during the Middle Passage, in which women and girls were violently exploited. Yet historians have rarely made the experience of that terrorizing voyage visible. The currents of the slave trade brought African women and girls to the Gulf Coast and French Caribbean. Johnson identifies that the practices of intimacy and kindship in the Gulf Coast and French Caribbean took parallel forms to those practices in Senegambia. Locating women and girls and their experiences across the Atlantic paints a more defined picture of the overlapping diasporas and the continuities of enslaved women’s resistance across space and empires. For the African women and women of African descent in Johnson’s book, freedom transcended legal manumission, particularly given the violent nature of legal freedom in the French empire. The turbulent terrain of conflict between Indigenous Africans and French colonists, and a more scrutinizing Code Noir—the French colonial laws that allowed for the surveillance and organization of people by race, gender, and status—made life particularly precarious for enslaved and free women of African descent. Colonial officials did not attend much to the daily lives of women of African descent, yet they assigned complex..." @default.
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• W4381953313 date "2023-06-01" @default.
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• W4381953313 title "Race, Freedom, and the Intimate Worlds of Women" @default.
• W4381953313 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2023.a899543" @default.
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