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- W4383041427 abstract "Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have generally served as advocates and service providers, leaving enforcement to states. Now, NGOs are increasingly acting as private police, prosecutors, and intelligence agencies in enforcing international law. NGOs today can be found investigating and gathering evidence; suing and prosecuting governments, companies, and individuals; and even catching lawbreakers red-handed. Examining this trend, this book considers why some transnational groups have opted to become enforcers of international law regarding such issues as human rights, the environment, and corruption, while others have not. Three factors explain the rise of vigilante enforcement: demand, supply, and competition. Governments commit to more international laws, but do a poor job of policing them, leaving a gap and creating demand. Legal and technological changes make it easier for nonstate actors to supply enforcement, as in the instances of NGOs that have standing to use domestic and international courts, or smaller NGOs that employ satellite imagery, big data analysis, and forensic computing. As the growing number of NGOs vie for limited funding and media attention, smaller, more marginal, groups often adopt radical strategies like enforcement. Looking at the workings of major organizations, including Amnesty International, Greenpeace, and Transparency International, as well as smaller players, such as Global Witness, the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, and Bellingcat, the book explores the causes and consequences of a novel, provocative approach to global governance." @default.
- W4383041427 created "2023-07-04" @default.
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- W4383041427 date "2022-04-05" @default.
- W4383041427 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W4383041427 title "Vigilantes beyond Borders" @default.
- W4383041427 doi "https://doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691229324.001.0001" @default.
- W4383041427 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
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