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• W4383343362 abstract "TECHNOLOGY ANO CULTURE Book Reviews 113 which these associations can change. If technology so recently signified cleanliness, order, and hope, it may not be as difficult as we sometimes imagine to dispel the aura of catastrophe that surrounds it today. Leo Marx* Canada Builds, 1861-1961. By T. Ritchie. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1967. Pp. viifl-406; illustrations. $12.50. This handsomely produced, lavishly illustrated volume provides an ad­ mirable popular account of the history of building in Canada. While it concentrates chiefly on the century since 1867, when the Canadian build­ ing industry essentially achieved its present highly organized and com­ plex character, it reaches back to the beginnings of European settlement, and indeed to Indian construction. Thus it runs from log shanties to re­ inforced concrete high-rise apartments; and it does so in terms of the various regions of Canada, each with its differing physical environment and human traditions. No less covered are the different materials and methods used in construction, whether in wood, brick, stone, or steel frame, the relations of the buildings to Canadian communities and their planning, the services involved, the architectural styles followed, and —briefly—the master builders, architects, and engineers engaged in the whole multiple achievement. The result is a lucid, well-ordered, and remarkably interesting com­ pendium on building in Canada: one which constantly makes clear the close affinities and connections with American construction, yet also re­ veals Canadian adaptations and variations, notably in the case of French Canadian tradition—where, for example, the French post-and-beam tech­ nique of pièce-sur-pièce was carried over to the western prairies to appear as the “Manitoba frame.” Similarly, while indicating the New England influence on building in Atlantic Canada, or from states south of the Great Lakes on classic-revival structures in Ontario, the book also suggests the ubiquitous influence of the Scottish stonemason, the role of the Royal Engineers, and of a significant number of English-trained architects operating in the mid-nineteenth century, who shaped some of Victorian Canada’s most distinctive material heritage. One criticism of the book indeed might be that it suggests rather than patiently analyzes these various cultural elements affecting technological development. It is, in short, not really cast as a history of culture and technology. There is a good deal of technological information, of course, whether in regard to the development of brickmaking methods, innovations made in heating devices, or perhaps in the first use of iron and concrete in combination in North America, seen in the construction of Canada’s Parliament buildings during the 1860’s. Yet the sort of infor­ mation supplied is often fairly superficial or incomplete; and it is not * Dr. Marx, professor of English and American studies at Amherst College, is the author of The Machine in the Garden. 114 Book Reviews TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE sufficiently expressed in a context of evolving cultural patterns. Certain­ ly, there is not likely to be much here that would come as news to the specialist, while the absence of effective documentation (no footnotes, naturally, in a “popular” book) can only further limit its value to him. Nevertheless, the cultural historian will still gain benefit as well as pleasure from this broad overview that does gather a great deal together. It covers so much that it can hardly be blamed for not doing more. (Incidentally, there was no room in any case for such topics as bridge construction in Canada, harbor or canal works, not to mention roads and railroads.) Besides, there is a useful, classified selection of source mate­ rials appended. And finally, the photographic illustrations, many of them old and rare, are so good that they will serve far more than the popular reader. To close on a minor carping note, though not too seriously, it is too bad that the picture captions, which at times are satisfyingly full and precise, at other times are not. “A Water Wheel in Newfoundland,” or “Three Ontario Houses in Ionic Style,” deserve more ample details— whether or not that might upset the layout tyrants who are often more concerned with pages looking nice than being read. J. M. S. Careless* Oxygen..." @default.
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• W4383343362 date "1969-01-01" @default.
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• W4383343362 title "Canada Builds, 1861–1961 by T. Ritchie (review)" @default.
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