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- W4383563437 abstract "Healthcare waste includes a wide range of items, such as contaminated injection assemblies, diagnostic testing samples, blood components, harmful chemicals, medical equipment, medicinal products, and radioactive substances. According to the World Health Organization, 15% of healthcare waste is considered hazardous: infectious, toxic, or radioactive to humans. One of the major contributors to healthcare hazardous waste is pharmaceutical waste, which can be generated from different sources, such as hospitals, laboratories and research centers, animal research and testing, nursing homes for the elderly, ambulance services, and home treatment. Pharmaceutical waste includes a variety of materials such as injection assembly, damaged materials, partially utilized ampoules, expired, unutilized preparations, fallow unit doses, personal medications, and outdated pharmaceuticals. Since segregation of waste is not carried out properly, pharmaceutical waste is transported and disposed of along with municipal solid wastes. Potential determinants for the generation of pharmaceutical waste consist of diverse groups of mutually interacting parameters such as improper handling and treatment of waste, lack of awareness, knowledge-application gap, and absence of written policies. Thus mismanagement of healthcare waste may expose hospital workers, waste handlers, patients, and the general population to infections, which may lead to hazardous consequences. To prevent health hazards related with pharmaceutical waste, it is essential to establish and promote novel strategies to minimize and manage waste. The present chapter discusses the key problems in preventing, reducing, reusing, recycling, and disposing of pharmaceutical waste. In addition, it also emphasizes novel, innovative, and preferable strategies for pharmaceutical waste management." @default.
- W4383563437 created "2023-07-08" @default.
- W4383563437 creator A5009142848 @default.
- W4383563437 creator A5084316778 @default.
- W4383563437 date "2023-01-01" @default.
- W4383563437 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W4383563437 title "Development strategies for pharmaceutical waste management: in view of healthcare perspectives" @default.
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- W4383563437 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-90909-9.00006-x" @default.
- W4383563437 hasPublicationYear "2023" @default.
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