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- W4384346412 abstract "Heavy metals, especially hexavalent chromium, have become widely prevalent in the environment as a result of excessive industrialization and anthropogenic activity. Many agricultural lands and aquatic bodies have been destroyed as a result of the discharge of chromium-containing pollutants. In addition to its hazardous qualities, Cr(VI) has a high level of stability and mobility, placing it on the priority list of heavy metals that must be treated quickly. The Environmental Protection Agency lists chromium as one of the major contaminants in the United States. Chromium can exist in a variety of oxidation states, from Cr+2 to Cr+6; however, the most stable and widespread forms in soils are trivalent Cr(III) and hexavalent Cr(VI) species, which have very distinct chemical properties and influence organisms in various ways. In reality, unlike other metals, chromium hazard is determined by its oxidation state. Hexavalent chromium is water soluble, highly poisonous and mutagenic to most species, and carcinogenic to humans, but trivalent chromium is required for human and animal nutrition, is comparatively water insoluble, and is less hazardous than Cr(VI). Bioremediation is the most promising and cost-effective approach for cleaning up organic and inorganic toxins in soils and wastewaters today. The use of chromium (Cr) reducing microorganisms and their products has improved the efficiency of the Cr(VI) to Cr(VII) detoxification process (III). Thus, the purpose of this chapter is to provide asystematic overview of studies on hexavalent chromium remediation employing microorganisms and their use in the treatment of Cr (VI)–containing industrial wastewaters. Various aspects affecting Cr(VI) elimination are highlighted, as well as approaches to improve biotreatment, which could serve as a foundation for researchers developing Cr(VI) bioremediation procedures." @default.
- W4384346412 created "2023-07-15" @default.
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- W4384346412 date "2023-01-01" @default.
- W4384346412 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4384346412 title "Bioremediation of soils polluted with hexavalent chromium using bacteria" @default.
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- W4384346412 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-95684-0.00018-x" @default.
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