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- W4385078248 abstract "Humankind has found life near water resources and struggled to own it in order to secure itself. However, the owned water resources have started to be consumed a lot with the increasing population over time, urbanization, industrialization and agricultural irrigation activities, and they have gradually decreased due to the effects of climate change. The inadequacies in water resources, the ever-increasing need for drinking and utility water have brought to the agenda the treatment of sea water to meet the water supply. Although the investment and operating costs of the plants that treat sea water are high, many countries provide fresh water production with this method. In recent years, there have been significant reductions in unit costs as a result of the use of renewable energies as an energy source with the technological studies carried out in this field. Looking at the distribution of seawater desalination technologies today, multistage flash distillation (MSFD) which is a thermal process and reverse osmosis (RO) plants, which is a membrane process, constitute more than 85% of the total facilities. Although these plants are approximately evenly distributed, the common trend is to prefer membrane processes. The advantage of the reverse osmosis method is that it takes up less space or small-scale facilities can be built and modularly. The amount of energy used in reverse osmosis facilities is half of that used in other facilities. Because, in reverse osmosis method, mechanical energy is used as opposed to the thermal energy used to heat and evaporate the water, as in the thermal methods. This results in lower operating and maintenance costs. In recent years, hybrid desalination systems combining thermal and membrane desalination processes are considered to be a good economical alternative. In this sense, hybrid membrane processes that combine multistage flash distillation (MSFD) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes come to the fore." @default.
- W4385078248 created "2023-07-23" @default.
- W4385078248 date "2023-06-30" @default.
- W4385078248 modified "2023-10-04" @default.
- W4385078248 title "Seawater Desalination" @default.
- W4385078248 doi "https://doi.org/10.59287/pcsafwi.32" @default.
- W4385078248 hasPublicationYear "2023" @default.
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