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- W4385280593 abstract "The growth of the Li-ion batteries (LIB) market and the associated economies of scale have made possible the optimization of the production processes and significantly contributed to the reduction of the manufacturing costs. As a consequence, and facing the growing demand, developed countries will inevitably be confronted in the near future with huge quantities of waste LIBs (around 700k tons by 2035, against 15k tons currently)[1]. The development of efficient and environmentally friendly recycling processes is therefore a major challenge for the energy transition. This work processes a highly efficient way for the LiNi 0.33 Mn 0.33 Co 0.33 O 2 cathode active material recycling by leaching in a choline chloride/ethylene glycol (ethaline) deep eutectic solvent, with a liquid/solid mass ratio of 50, that was doped with a small quantity of HCl. The addition of the latter at 4 molar equivalents (i.e. the final concentration of the acid in the DES is about 0.82 mol. L -1 ) allows to leach all the metals quickly at 80 °C with a yield >99%. Co-precipitation was induced by 0.2 M Li 2 CO 3 addition with 99% efficiency. The recovered mixed carbonate was mixed with Li 2 CO 3 and was then transformed into the oxide form by thermal annealing. The degree of transformation was monitored using in situ X-ray diffraction, recording the XRD spectra every 45 minutes. The obtained results indicate that the lithiation process occurs during the pre-annealing phase at 500 °C. Maintaining then the temperature at 900 °C for 10 hours results in a highly crystalline material free of any impurity. Finally, batteries made from the recycled powder exhibit a good discharge capacity of about 130 mAh.g -1 at a 0.2 C rate after 100 cycles as well as a coulombic efficiency of more than 99%. Reference: [1] Hearing of Ms Christel Bories (Eramet CEO) by the French Senate http://videos.senat.fr/video.1230390_5d1200992ac17.audition-de-mme-christel-bories" @default.
- W4385280593 created "2023-07-27" @default.
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- W4385280593 date "2023-08-28" @default.
- W4385280593 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4385280593 title "LiNi<sub>0.33</sub>Mn<sub>0.33</sub>Co<sub>0.33</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Cathode Active Material Recovery from Ethaline: Leaching, Co-Precipitation and Annealing with in-Situ XRD Monitoring" @default.
- W4385280593 doi "https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-012683mtgabs" @default.
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