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• W4385344593 abstract "Reviewed by: Lost Causes: Confederate Demobilization and the Making of Veteran Identity by Bradley R. Clampitt James J. Broomall Lost Causes: Confederate Demobilization and the Making of Veteran Identity. By Bradley R. Clampitt. Conflicting Worlds: New Dimensions of the American Civil War. ( Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2022. Pp. [viii], 314. $50.00, ISBN 978-0-8071-7716-7.) Romanticized views of the American Civil War celebrate the Confederate surrender at Appomattox Court House as the conflict's culminating moment and peaceful close. Although scholars have been dismantling this shibboleth for decades—take Dan T. Carter's early classic When the War Was Over: The Failure of Self-Reconstruction in the South, 1865–1867 (Baton Rouge, 1985), for example—it remains entrenched in textbooks, documentaries, and imagery. In Lost Causes: Confederate Demobilization and the Making of Veteran Identity, Bradley R. Clampitt joins what is becoming a revisionist tradition by reexamining the Civil War's end and charging that the spring and summer of 1865 shaped Lost Cause mythology and the Reconstruction era. Through a study sample of approximately 1,100 Confederate soldiers, bolstered by newspapers, government documents, and other accounts, he examines veterans' journeys home, the chaos of the postwar South, and the immediate consequences of defeat. The book's approach is innovative because it comparatively analyzes Confederates from across military theaters, and because Clampitt juxtaposes letters and diaries with memoirs and reminiscences in original ways. He convincingly posits several interrelated claims: that defeat and demobilization reinforced Confederate identity; that Confederate soldiers forged the beginnings of Lost Cause mythology in an era of defeat; and that white southern men maintained a sense of mastery even as their worlds collapsed (p. 3). Composed of five robust chapters, Lost Causes is chronologically driven and framed by an extended introduction. A useful appendix explains the study sample and methodology. Because of the breadth of recent studies that have examined the war's end, Clampitt includes historiographical discussions throughout the text. By doing so, he not only thoughtfully engages the existing [End Page 574] scholarship but also reveals how his work largely supports, albeit with greater nuance, what some scholars have already revealed, especially regarding Confederates' reactions to defeat and postwar readjustment. Nevertheless, the material on systems of Confederate demobilization, the breadth of veterans' experiences in 1865 and 1866, and the extent of postwar chaos is highly revealing. The book's expansive geography is illuminating and sets Lost Causes apart from previous studies through its comparative discussions and research depth. Clampitt does well in considering his study group through the lenses of self-identity, emotional expression, and social lives during a period of upheaval and change. His findings advance our understanding of white southern men in manifold ways. Despite surrender, for example, veterans tenaciously retained their own definitions of a more flexible masculinity and retained wartime bonds among veterans deep into the postwar era. Moreover, the power of the Lost Cause assuaged the sting of defeat and allowed southern men to reshape the contours of manhood in ways heretofore unappreciated (p. 190). Notwithstanding Clampitt's sensitive portrait of white southern masculinity, the study might have considered the gendered dimensions of manhood more fully. While white southerners certainly defined themselves as men based upon military service, martial courage, and familial patriarchy, members of the immediate family and the broader social world also shaped gendered self-identity in a manner the study needed to consider more deeply (p. 13). Additionally, the martial identities forged in war spurred postwar racial violence and political insurgency in significant ways left largely unobserved or unnoted in the study. The timing of Lost Causes is propitious. While the volume stands alone and will prove deeply informative to readers, it is in conversation with a host of recent studies on the war's end and veterans' experiences. Bradley R. Clampitt has written a commendable book that reveals how Confederate veterans from across the South responded to defeat, surrender, and readjustment. The layered experiences he artfully illuminates expose a critical period of personal transformation as the nation lurched toward a tumultuous reconstruction. James J. Broomall Shepherd University Copyright © 2023 The Southern Historical Association" @default.
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• W4385344593 date "2023-08-01" @default.
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• W4385344593 title "Lost Causes: Confederate Demobilization and the Making of Veteran Identity by Bradley R. Clampitt (review)" @default.
• W4385344593 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2023.a903214" @default.
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