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• W4385661657 abstract "ABSTRACTThe present study examined how culture and gender influence the self-construal of mothers and their four-year-olds during dyadic reminiscing. Participants were 21 Thai (11 girls, 10 boys) and 21 American (10 girls, 11 boys) mother-child dyads. Thai dyads exhibited a more interdependent self-construal, whereas American dyads exhibited a more independent self-construal, as measured by personal and group pronoun usage and discussions of behavioral expectations, thoughts and feelings, and personal attributes. Girls and boys differed in the extent to which their self-construal was defined in relation to others in their social groups, for example girls mentioned teachers and classmates more than boys. Culture and gender also interacted in influencing self-construal, with Thai girls (but not boys) mentioning family members more than American counterparts. These findings suggest that the development of children’s self-construal, particularly the extent to which children are socialized to view and express themselves independently of others or interdependently with others, differs depending on culture and gender. This work contributes to our understanding of the relationship between autobiographical memory and self during the formative years. Starting as early as preschool, our social environment influences the way we remember our experiences, which in turn shapes our self-construal. AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the mothers and children who participated in this study and the research assistants, Julia Borland, Laura Montenegro, and Grace Pickens, who assisted with data processing. We also thank Dr. Erika Hoff, the late Dr. Steve Zecker, and the members of the Northwestern University Bilingualism and Psycholinguistics Research Group for their helpful feedback on this work. Research reported in this publication was supported in part by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R21HD106759. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2239920Data availability statementThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Notes1 Exclusion of data from the two African American families did not change the cross-cultural differences that were observed.2 When maternal data were analyzed using mean frequencies of each measure (instead of mean percentages), with number of utterances as a covariate, the patterns of results did not change.3 When child data were analyzed using mean frequencies of each measure (instead of mean percentages), with number of utterances as a covariate, the results changed on two measures. There were significant main effects of culture and gender on child discussion of their thoughts and feelings. American children discussed their own thoughts and feelings more than Thai children. Girls discussed their thoughts and feelings more than boys. There was also a significant interaction between culture and gender on child discussion of others’ thoughts and feelings. Post-hoc comparisons revealed that Thai boys discussed others’ thoughts and feelings more than American boys, whereas the two groups of girls did not significantly differ. See Table S1 in the Supplemental Materials for the data analyses output." @default.
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• W4385661657 title "Culture and Gender Influence Self-Construal in Mother-Preschooler Reminiscing" @default.
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