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- W4385685353 abstract "Abstract There is growing evidence that immune-history biases responses to vaccination and natural infections. We hypothesized that immune-history antibody profiles can be used to predict risk of infection from respiratory viruses. To study the predictive power of immune-history, we utilized samples from influenza and SARS-CoV-2 clinical trials, in which symptomatic infections were identified using PCR. We used antigen microarrays to generate baseline antibody profiles to (1) a panel of influenza HA and NA proteins spanning the antigenic evolution of A/H1, A/H3 and B human influenza viruses; and (2) to a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern spike. While there was extensive heterogeneity in baseline immune history of different individuals, we identified IgG and IgA baseline markers that were correlates of risk using logistic regression models adjusted for baseline covariates. Since IgA and IgG profiles were weakly correlated, we then considered combinations of IgG and IgA markers as correlates of risk. We found that combinations yielded improved correlates of protection. Most importantly, we identified a subset of individuals with low baseline antibody levels that responded with a significant boost in neutralizing antibody titers after vaccination, but were still at significantly increased susceptibility to infection when compared to those who had pre-existing high levels of binding antibodies. Thus, we identify a highly susceptible population that remains susceptible despite apparent responsiveness to vaccines. Our data demonstrate that baseline binding antibody markers are significantly associated with infection risk and may be utilized to identify individuals most at risk from future exposures. Supported by grants from NIH (75N93021C00016) and the Israeli Science Foundation (882/17 and 2683/21)" @default.
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- W4385685353 date "2023-05-01" @default.
- W4385685353 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W4385685353 title "Immune-history based correlates of protection for respiratory infections" @default.
- W4385685353 doi "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.75.41" @default.
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