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- W4385997997 endingPage "166398" @default.
- W4385997997 startingPage "166398" @default.
- W4385997997 abstract "The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been developed as one of the optimal alternatives to the conventional biological nitrogen removal process because of its high nitrogen removal capacity and low energy consumption. However, the slow growth rate of anammox bacteria and its high sensitivity to environmental changes have resulted in fewer anammox sludge sources for process start-up and a lengthy start-up period. Given that anammox microorganisms tend to aggregate, granular-anammox sludge is a frequent byproduct of the anammox process. In this study, we review state-of-the-art strategies for promoting the formation of anammox granules and the start-up of the anammox process based on the literature of the past decade. These strategies are categorized as the transformation of alternative sludge, the addition of accelerators, the introduction of functional carriers, and the implementation of other physical methods. In addition, the formation mechanism of anammox granules, the operational performance of various strategies, and their promotion mechanisms are introduced. Finally, prospects are presented to indicate the gaps in contemporary research and the potential future research directions. This review functions as a summary guideline and theoretical reference for the cultivation of granular-anammox sludge, the start-up of the anammox process, and its practical application." @default.
- W4385997997 created "2023-08-20" @default.
- W4385997997 creator A5047585902 @default.
- W4385997997 creator A5067452827 @default.
- W4385997997 creator A5077621870 @default.
- W4385997997 date "2023-12-01" @default.
- W4385997997 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W4385997997 title "Enhancing start-up strategies for anammox granular sludge systems: A review" @default.
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