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• W4385999150 abstract "Ketamine has recently emerged as a highly effective new treatment for people with treatment-resistant depression with rapid antidepressant effects. However, these effects are often short lasting, and the potential cognitive mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects, such as effects on emotional processing bias, remain poorly understood. In the present study, we explored potential changes in emotional and cognitive processing following a single treatment of subcutaneous ketamine in a randomised double-blind controlled study with an active control. Participants with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) were recruited from a single site from the Ketamine for Adult Depression Study (KADS Trial) and were randomly assigned to receive racemic ketamine hydrochloride ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M1> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>10</mn> </math> ) or midazolam hydrochloride ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M2> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>11</mn> </math> ) in a 1 : 1 ratio. A healthy control sample ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M3> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>23</mn> </math> ) was recruited to attend a single experimental session without any treatment. All MDD participants completed mood ratings and cognitive assessments prior to and one day after a single randomised treatment. The results showed no significant differences in performance changes after treatment across the majority of emotion-related (i.e., Emotional Stroop Task, Affective Go/No-Go Task) and cognitive (Ruff 2 and 7 Selective Attention Test, Controlled Word Association Test) outcome measures. Participants who received ketamine showed a significant improvement in a negative processing bias test (i.e., The Scrambled Sentence Task; Cohen’s <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M4> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>.67</mn> </math> , <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M5> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>.016</mn> </math> ), which was not significantly associated with improvement in psychological symptoms ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M6> <mi>r</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>.662</mn> </math> , <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M7> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>.074</mn> </math> ). The results from this exploratory study suggest that a single ketamine treatment may modulate negative affective bias. Limitations to this study included the small sample size and lack of follow-up. Future larger trials are required to confirm this finding." @default.
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• W4385999150 date "2023-08-19" @default.
• W4385999150 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W4385999150 title "Change in Negative Affective Bias following a Single Ketamine Treatment for Treatment-Resistant Depression" @default.
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• W4385999150 doi "https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3371272" @default.
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