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• W4386277245 abstract "September is The Sleep Charity's annual awareness month, and is also marked by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine's “Student Sleep Health Week” (Sept 11–15, 2023). Sleep is an aspect of health that deserves more attention than it currently receives; while we are constantly reminded of the importance of a healthy diet and adequate activity levels, the value of high-quality sleep is often overlooked. Although most people are conscious of the importance of sufficient sleep for children and adolescents, less consideration is given to the fact that sleep is also essential to the maintenance of health and prevention of disease in adults. Data show the negative outcomes associated with disordered sleep, such as increased risk of stroke, impaired immune function, elevated risk of obesity, and increased risk of suicide in adolescents as well as in older adults. In our July issue, Ali T Siddiquee and colleagues reported an increased risk of all-cause and major-cause mortality associated with prolonged sleep latency (ie, the time between going to bed and the onset of sleep). In the same issue, Mikaela Bloomberg and colleagues show that the benefits of high-intensity physical activity were insufficient to attenuate the cognitive decline associated with short sleep duration. In other words: we cannot outrun a bad night's sleep. Barriers to adults achieving recommended sleep guidelines (a minimum of 7 h per night, according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine) are often psychosocial, with individuals foregoing part of their sleeping hours to engage in activities or accomplish tasks that they could not complete during the day; other major sources of sleep disruption are pathological, with causes such as insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, and movement disorders getting in the way of quality sleep. And although the prevalence of short sleep is, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, highest in adults aged 25–44 years, older adults also tend to face accumulating causes of sleep disruption. Physiological production of the crucial sleep-inducing hormone melatonin seems to decrease with age. Medications such as antidepressants and β blockers, commonly prescribed to older adults, can reduce sleep quality by inducing or worsening primary sleep disorders (eg, sleep apnoea and restless legs syndrome). Increased urination frequency due to diabetes or an enlarged prostate can further disturb sleep. Congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease, which can make lying down uncomfortable, can both affect sleep quality and be worsened by a lack of sleep. Yet, balance is essential, and both too little and too much sleep are associated with health issues, such as the development of type 2 diabetes. Sleep is, of course, not an isolated factor in the promotion of a long and healthy life, but rather an essential element of a balanced lifestyle. Like many such elements, sleep quality is also tied to socioeconomic factors, with data from the USA showing that individuals from minority ethnic groups and low-income households face a disproportionate burden of sleep-related chronic illness, and that poor sleep quality is strongly associated with poverty and race. There is an urgent need to improve public awareness and education regarding the importance of quality sleep and the dangers of the lack thereof, at all demographic levels, although it cannot be ignored that no amount of awareness will suffice to address the underlying causes of many of the socioeconomic and racial disparities driving high levels of stress, financial concern, and, in many cases, subsequent poor sleep. Although sleep interventions will not be able to help all of those in need, there is value in looking at such approaches as a way to start tackling the issue. Repeated studies have shown the benefits of, among other interventions, increasing daytime light exposure, physical exercise, and cognitive behavioural therapy to improve sleep quality, particularly in middle-aged and older adults. In the context of pharmacological therapy, tailored approaches, such as those delivered by community pharmacists, can help older adults better manage their sleep medications and their associated side-effects, as well as those of psychotropic and non-psychotropic drugs that can both aggravate insomnia and induce daytime sleepiness. But such interventions are still not standard, and they cannot become so until conversations about sleep begin taking place a systematic way, as part of clinical practice and community support, in the management of chronic conditions, and in long-term care—in short, until better sleep is recognised and embraced as a means to achieve longer and healthier lives." @default.
• W4386277245 created "2023-08-31" @default.
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• W4386277245 date "2023-09-01" @default.
• W4386277245 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W4386277245 title "Sleeping our way to better health and longevity" @default.
• W4386277245 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00175-7" @default.
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