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- W4386321684 abstract "Muscle is a soft tissue, having a special ability for contraction. The contraction of the muscle fibers creates force and that causes movement of body as well as visceral organs. Three types of muscles, namely skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles, are present in the body. The skeletal muscle is voluntary, while the cardiac muscle and smooth muscle are involuntary. Muscle fibers have some special properties, i.e., excitability, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity. The skeletal muscle fibers have a long cylindrical structure with many nuclei located in the periphery. The active contractile unit of muscle is known as sarcomere. Each myofibril contains several types of protein cells, called myofilaments. During contraction, action potential propagates through the sarcolemma and travels down the T-tubules causing the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release Ca2+ ions to the sarcoplasm. The myosin head then attaches to the binding site of the G-actin molecule, and the formation of crossbridges occurs. The following power stroke occurs, which forces and leads to the shortening of muscle fiber. Muscle relaxation occurs when the release of the neurotransmitter stops at the neuromuscular junction. In smooth muscle, cells are small and have one central nucleus. No neuromuscular junctions exist; instead, varicosities transmit the nerve impulse to cells. Contraction and relaxation are slower than the skeletal muscle, and less energy is required for contraction. Cardiac muscle cells are small and branched and have a single nucleus. An intercalated disc is present at the junction between two cells. Gap junction located at the intercalated disc spreads action potential from one cell to another." @default.
- W4386321684 created "2023-09-01" @default.
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- W4386321684 date "2023-01-01" @default.
- W4386321684 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4386321684 title "Muscular System" @default.
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- W4386321684 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9410-4_10" @default.
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