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• W4386389549 abstract "In JH there are mechanical consequences for sitting, walking, and positioning of the hands, feet, trunk, and knees. These are discussed in detail in this chapter. Trunk instability occurs due to several factors, including muscle deficit with decreased strength, hypotrophy, muscle weakness, and fatigue. In addition to these influences, the weight of the trunk itself contributes to anterior tilt due to the lack of antigravitational musculature to keep the trunk erect, and to the weakness of the muscles that promote vertebral pelvic segmental stability. As for the most important core muscles of the lumbar region, it is believed that the inadequacies of the transversus spinalis, erector of the spine, quadratus lumborum, and latissimus dorsi may also cause the failure of stabilization of the trunk. In turn, this process can cause a hypermobile individual to sit with the trunk bent forwards. Anterior hyperflexion of the trunk, with the hands flat on the ground and the knees extended, is achieved by the anterior flexion of the vertebral column and hips. It can have mechanical repercussions with hyperdistension of the entire posterior muscle chain, and cause possible vertebral instability. In the spine, an increase in the posterior intervertebral space, sagging of the posterior longitudinal ligament can lead to posterior displacement of the disc. For individuals with JH, there is a tendency to ambulate with rotation of the lower limbs. This is predominantly an internal rotation, in which the capsular ligaments of the hip are distended, causing instability and anteversion of the femoral head. This process rotates the femur internally, with deviation of the limb axis. Intrinsic muscles of the hand tense in order to stabilize structures which are unstable due to ligament laxity. This situation causes incorrect positioning of the finger joints, leading to compensatory hyperextension. Mechanical considerations of knee injuries are relevant to the understanding of the frequent episodes of instabilities or dislocations in hypermobile individuals. Flatfoot may be congenital or acquired. The congenital flatfoot has laxity of ligaments, with hypermobile mediotarsal and subtalar joints and a short calcaneal tendon. The acquired flatfoot results from muscular, postural, or static imbalance, excessive weight, muscle fatigue, use of inappropriate footwear, and bad walking habits." @default.
• W4386389549 created "2023-09-03" @default.
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• W4386389549 date "2023-01-01" @default.
• W4386389549 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W4386389549 title "Mechanical Consequences of Joint Hypermobility" @default.
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• W4386389549 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34914-0_6" @default.
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