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- W4386475151 abstract "A sprinkler skipping model is developed and implemented into FireFOAM. The model considers spray impingement and water accumulation on the sprinkler thermal link. A sub-grid spray impingement model is developed assuming a simplified link geometry, i.e., a sphere. Both the impinged cold water and the water evaporative cooling reduce the sprinkler thermal response. The model is calibrated with the plunge tunnel tests in the presence of water mist sprays and validated against a large-scale fire suppression test using Class 2 commodity. The skipping model improves the sprinkler activation prediction. With the skipping model, the second sprinkler activation is delayed, and the activation time is close to the test. The predicted number of activations and the activation pattern also show good agreement with the measurement, which improves the prediction of the fire suppression performance. The model is applied using different rack array heights (7.6, 10.7 and 13.7 m) under a 15.24 m high ceiling at two injection pressures. The model predicts that the highest array at the low injection pressure has several sprinklers skipped, which causes the failure of fire suppression." @default.
- W4386475151 created "2023-09-07" @default.
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- W4386475151 date "2023-12-01" @default.
- W4386475151 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4386475151 title "Modeling of Sprinkler skipping for the suppression of large-scale rack-storage fires" @default.
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- W4386475151 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.103953" @default.
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