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- W4386503519 endingPage "166918" @default.
- W4386503519 startingPage "166918" @default.
- W4386503519 abstract "With rapid industrial development and population growth, the pollution of soil and groundwater has become a critical concern all over the world. Yet, remediation of contaminated soil and water remains a major challenge. In recent years, apatite has gained a surging interest in environmental remediation because of its high treatment efficiency, low cost, and environmental benignity. This review summarizes recent advances in: (1) natural apatite of phosphate ores and biological source; (2) synthesis of engineered apatite particles (including stabilized or surface-modified apatite nanoparticles); (3) treatment effectiveness of apatite towards various environmental pollutants in soil and groundwater, including heavy metals (e.g., Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Ni), inorganic anions (e.g., As oxyanions and F-), radionuclides (e.g., thorium (Th), strontium (Sr), and uranium (U)), and organic pollutants (e.g., antibiotics, dyes, and pesticides); and (4) the removal and/or interaction mechanisms of apatite towards the different contaminants. Lastly, the knowledge or technology gaps are identified and future research needs are proposed." @default.
- W4386503519 created "2023-09-08" @default.
- W4386503519 creator A5003975223 @default.
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- W4386503519 creator A5044067994 @default.
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- W4386503519 creator A5067329294 @default.
- W4386503519 creator A5076767097 @default.
- W4386503519 creator A5091878678 @default.
- W4386503519 date "2023-12-01" @default.
- W4386503519 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W4386503519 title "Application of apatite particles for remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater: A review and perspectives" @default.
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