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• W4386723509 endingPage "321" @default.
• W4386723509 startingPage "255" @default.
• W4386723509 abstract "Medicinal plants are traditionally used in ancient cultures for their healing benefits. Primitive humans used plant poisons to apply to arrowheads for hunting. Indian mythological books have references to many plants that can be used for lethal purposes. There are many instances in ancient times where the use of common plant poisons against enemies was observed, e.g., in Rome, Socrates was sentenced to death by hemlock (Conium maculatum) poisoning. In 1978, popular writer Georgi Markov was supposedly assassinated using ricin, a potent toxin from Ricinus communis. In forensic studies, it is very important to detect the class of poison to investigate the crime. The identification of such poisons is crucial for the conviction of the case. Many times, no botanical knowledge may cause delay or misinterpretation of the results of the investigation. The classification of plant poisons can be done based on different properties, such as the chemical nature of the poison (glycosides, alkaloids, proteins, etc.) and mode of action (neurotoxins, cardiac glycosides, hemagglutinin, etc.). The commonly observed poisonous plants are Aconitum napellus (aconite) which acts as neurotoxins, Abrus precatorius (abrin) which acts as a hemagglutinator, Nerium oleander (oleandrin) is a cardiac glycoside, it inhibits the sodium-potassium pump and causes cardiotoxicity, Jatropha curcas (Ricin/Curcin) is a toxalbumin acting as proteolytic enzyme, Gloriosa superba (Colchicine) inhibits the spindle fiber formation and acts as an antimitotic constituent. The accidental ingestion or criminal use of these plant poisons is observed to be increasing day by day; the forensic examination of these plant poisons involves conventional chromatographic techniques such as TLC (thin Layer Chromatography), high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography. The conventional techniques can give a basic idea about the class of the plant poison, but the extensively degraded or digested samples need a more advanced method for identification. Recent techniques such as MALDI-TOF, LC-MS, GC-MS, etc. can be utilized in forensic investigation. Recently, the use of toxin signatures has made the detection of plant poisons easier in forensic studies. The current chapter is focused on the use of different plants/constituents in criminal cases and their forensic analysis. The recent forensic techniques used for the detection and identification of plant poisons will be elucidated in the present chapter." @default.
• W4386723509 created "2023-09-14" @default.
• W4386723509 creator A5010429031 @default.
• W4386723509 creator A5017612052 @default.
• W4386723509 creator A5074068791 @default.
• W4386723509 date "2023-01-01" @default.
• W4386723509 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W4386723509 title "The Chemistry and biology of the plant poisons and their forensic significance" @default.
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