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• W4386778339 abstract "A TRANSLITERATION SCHEME FOR CATALOGING NKO PUBLICATIONS Joseph J. Lauer Teknowledgelibraries.cataloguingInofadditionoftheNkoAfricanpublicationstothelanguage,usualposesdifficultiestheNkomultiplescriptinlocatingproblemsmustbesomeoneconvertedforAmericanwithintoa libraries.Inadditiontotheusualdifficultiesinlocatingsomeonewitha knowledgeoftheAfricanlanguage,theNkoscriptmustbeconvertedinto characterswhichcanbeenteredintolibrarydatabases.Ideallycataloguersshouldbe abletoentertheoriginalscript;andtherehasbeensubstantialprogressindoingjust thatforChinese,JapaneseandKorean,andtoalesserextentotherlanguages.But evenwhenitispossibletoentertheforeignscriptdirectly,itisusuallynecessaryto transliterateorromanizethenon-Romancharactersaccordingtoaschemethat ensuresconsistencyinthepracticesofdifferentlibraries.Formostlanguages, AmericancataloguersuseALA-LCRomanizationTables:TransliterationSchemes fornon-RomanScriptsapprovedbytheLibraryofCongressandtheAmerican LibraryAssociation.ThisworkincludestablesforAmharic,ArabicandTigrinyabut not for Nko. At present, very few of the many dozen Nko publications can be found in American libraries. The Michigan State University Library acquired a dictionary and a novel by Kantè Sulemaana and a reader by Mamadi Jaanè from its regular supplier of African imprints, Hogarth Representation of London. The dictionary is also held by at least four other libraries, and other Nko books are probably hidden in uncatalogued African language holdings at various libraries. In order to catalog Kantè's Nko dictionary with something more than the French-language title, I created a table for the Nko script (Figures 1 and 2). This was done with the help of Valentin Vydrine, who was a visiting scholar at Michigan State University in 1995/96. I also consulted the tables developed by Dalby and SIM, preferring Dalby for vowels and SIM for consonants.1 When feasible, the table follows the Latin system for writing Maninka in Guinea (Hartell, 1993 : 165). It also uses the conventions of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2d ed. (AACR2). The 27 Nko characters are represented with 26 Latin characters, with 4 requiring diacritics. These are: • for e (epsilon), use double-underscore e (as in AACR2); • for open o, use double-underscore o (as in AACR2); • for syllabic n (also called syllabic nasal and treated as if a vowel), use n with diacritic (acute if high tone [no diacritic in Nko], grave if low tone [tilde in Nko]);2 • for left-tail n, use ñ Mande Studies 3 (2001) pp. 95-97 96 Joseph L Lauer Figure 1: Nko Characters: Nko I J a (ah) 13 p H ü k ox e (eh) L Ja t 3 3 1 Y X i(ee) ' J j(dy) a .a m a jí € 1 J c(ty) 3 J p (h) (epsilon) u jj u (oo) m JD d H J n 3 J o (oh) J' J r **1 syll.n Ç ü openo □ xi s h Jd h (aw) _y _2 gb a J w J= £ b jf jS. fJ>.Ô y Foreign Sounds z rr sh hard g v x ' JJ: D y jf Ahl Numerals 12345678910 IrrddHLiUb'9 0Jr Tones (with a) Short Vowels Long Vowels high high low rising super high low rising abrupt high j i j j J* j j j' á a à a âa áa àa aa Nko Transliteration Scheme 97 Other conventions: • for gb, use gb (and not double-underscore b); • for post-nasal n, use n;4. • for nasal diacritic (dot below in Nko), use n (after vowel);5 • transcribe all vowels, including those that are unwritten (Nko o when the next vowel is identical, including same tone); • the transcribing of tones (with double-acute, acute, hacek and grav optional, as they are hard to read in Nko and they are omitted in t Maninka alphabet; • transcribe long vowels as double vowels, with any tone going over • transcribe as found the apostrophe ['] or dash. This note provides a draft table and background notes for transliter alphabet. As with other romanization tables, universal acceptance from and librarians is not expected. Notes 1 Dalby, 1969: 164; Oyler, 1995: xix. 2 Rejected alternatives: N in caps or n-apostrophe. 3 Rejected alternatives: ny or double-underscore n. The AACR2 practice of using doubleunderscore n for both eng and left-tail n could create confusion as other Manding dialects have both sounds. Sound is transcribed as ñ in Mandinka, ny in Bambara and Jula. 4 Rejected alternative: n with dot-below, nn will necessarily indicate a vowel with a nasal followed by the post-nasal n (or n-after-nasal). 5 Rejected alternative: trema over vowel. This would create two accents (and display problems) when tone is marked. As Maninka is CVCV, any n (without an accent) before a consonant or at end of a word must be a nasal. References Randall K. Barry, ed. 1997. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Transliteration Schemes for non-Roman Scripts approved by the Library..." @default.
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• W4386778339 date "2001-01-01" @default.
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• W4386778339 title "A TRANSLITERATION SCHEME FOR CATALOGING NKO PUBLICATIONS" @default.
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