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• W4386850824 endingPage "14275" @default.
• W4386850824 startingPage "14263" @default.
• W4386850824 abstract "Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with increasing morbidity. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a major negative regulator of the insulin signaling cascade and has attracted intensive investigation in the T2DM study. Ginseng is widely used to treat metabolic diseases, while the effects of ginsenoside F4 (F4) on T2DM have remained unknown. Here, we identify F4 as an inhibitor of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. The results showed that F4 significantly improved the hyperglycemic state of db/db mice, alleviated dyslipidemia, and promoted skeletal muscle glucose uptake. This phenomenon was closely related to the inhibition of the PTP1B activity. On the one hand, the inhibition of PTP1B activity by F4 resulted in increased insulin receptor (INSR) and insulin receptor substrate 1 tyrosine phosphorylation and enhanced insulin sensitivity. On the other hand, F4 as a PTP1B inhibitor inhibited the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1)/recombinant TNF receptor associated factor 2 (TRAF2)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway and alleviated skeletal muscle endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, thereby reducing IRS-1 serine phosphorylation. Both finally activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promoted glucose transporter protein 4 translocation to the cell membrane for glucose uptake. Taken together, our experiments demonstrate that F4 activates the insulin signaling pathway by inhibiting the activity of PTP1B while inhibiting the IRE-1/TRAF2/JNK signaling pathway, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and alleviating ER stress in the skeletal muscle of db/db mice. Our results indicate that F4 can be used as a PTP1B inhibitor for the treatment of T2DM." @default.
• W4386850824 created "2023-09-20" @default.
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• W4386850824 date "2023-09-19" @default.
• W4386850824 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
• W4386850824 title "Ginsenoside F4 Alleviates Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance by Regulating PTP1B in Type II Diabetes Mellitus" @default.
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• W4386850824 doi "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01262" @default.
• W4386850824 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37726223" @default.
• W4386850824 hasPublicationYear "2023" @default.
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