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- W4386989234 abstract "Abstract Introduction/Background Pasteurella multocida causes life-threatening zoonotic invasive infections in immunocompromised individuals and those at extremes of age (neonates and elderly). Bacteremia, meningitis, and endocarditis are serious complications that are associated with up to 25-30% mortality. Case Description A 7-week-old ex-34-week preterm female infant presented with a one-day history of fever, irritability, and poor feeding without exposure to sick contacts. Household contacts included a constantly drooling Shi Tzu dog. Examination revealed an irritable, febrile infant with a bulging fontanelle and scant purulent eye discharge. No focal neurological deficits, skin rashes or murmurs were appreciated. Empiric antibiotics were initiated following a full work-up for sepsis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed neutrophilic pleocytosis with 7608 x106L nucleated cells (95% neutrophils), protein 7360 mg/L, glucose <0.2 mmol/L and gram-negative coccobacilli. Blood and CSF cultures grew Pasteurella multocida, prompting a switch to crystalline penicillin. An echogenic mitral valvular mass was identified in the absence of underlying cardiac defects. Head imaging confirmed ventriculitis with multiple small infarcts. No sequelae of abscess, hydrocephalus or hearing loss were demonstrated after the completion of 6 weeks of penicillin therapy. Discussion Haemophilus influenzae, serotype b, is the typical cause of coccobacillary meningitis in a 7-week-old infant. In addition to non-b serotypes, non-typeable species which cause conjunctivitis may also cause invasive disease in young infants. The resultant growth of P. multocida from cultures was, therefore, unexpected, particularly given there were no preceding animal bites or scratches. In vulnerable hosts, this pathogen can be transmitted across skin or mucous membranes after close animal contact, such as licking and sniffing. The constant drooling and spraying of saliva from the pet dog, a flat-faced breed known to have stenotic nares and chronic nasal secretions, likely provided an opportunity for mucosal contamination. This infant’s young age, prematurity, and exposure to a flat-faced dog placed her at high risk for Pasteurellosis, which manifested as complicated meningitis and endocarditis. Conclusion Pasteurella infections most often arise as local infections following an animal bite or scratch, are rare but important causes of life-threatening severe coccobacillary invasive infection, even without preceding trauma, in young infants. Families of at-risk individuals who own pets should have adequate education about zoonotic infections that address risk factors, including animal breed and behaviour, presenting features and preventive strategies to reduce the potential for serious morbidity and even mortality." @default.
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- W4386989234 date "2023-09-01" @default.
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- W4386989234 title "C5 (Clinical Case) Coccobacillary Meningitis and Septic Embolic Infarcts in an Ex-Preterm Infant: An Unexpected Pathogen" @default.
- W4386989234 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxad055.106" @default.
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