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• W4387054498 abstract "BACKGROUND: Energy deficit severity is the strongest predictor of diminished whole-body protein retention during strenuous military training. Whether endogenous protein is spared by providing low-volume energy-dense foods that may promote energy intake to reduce energy deficit, or dietary protein rich in essential amino acids (EAA) to support anabolism is unknown. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of energy-dense or EAA-enriched supplemental nutrition on whole-body protein balance during strenuous military training. METHODS: Soldiers participating in 8 days of winter training were randomized to receive four supplemental bars (~375 kcal) that were either high-fat energy-dense (EN-DENSE: 34 g fat, 6.7 kcal/g, n = 22), EAA-enriched (EAA: 31 g protein, 21 g EAA, 4.2 kcal/g, n = 27) or high-carbohydrate low-energy-dense controls (CON: 70 g carbohydrate, 3.4 kcal/g, n = 19) in addition to three combat rations daily. Soldiers were instructed to eat all supplemental bars provided and consume rations ad libitum. Energy expenditure (D218O) and energy intake were measured daily. Whole-body protein flux, synthesis (PS), breakdown (PB), and net balance (NB = PS-PB) were measured overnight before (PRE) and after the training (POST) using 15N-Alanine and total N enrichment. RESULTS: Energy expenditure (5341 ± 674 kcal/d), energy intake (4045 ± 738 kcal/d), energy deficit (-1257 ± 599 kcal/d; 24 ± 11% total energy requirements) and percent of rations (71 ± 14%) and bars (75 ± 25%) consumed did not differ (P > 0.05) between groups. Macronutrient distribution (% kcals from carbohydrate, fat, and protein) differed (P < 0.0001) between EN-DENSE (42%, 46%, 12%), EAA (45%, 35%, 20%) and CON (58%, 28%, 14%). Increases in protein flux (1.21 ± 0.23 vs. 1.29 ± 0.23 gN/kg/d; P = 0.01), PS (3.52 ± 2.01 vs. 5.05 ± 1.71 g/kg/d; P < 0.0001) and NB (-2.75 ± 1.58 vs. -1.57 ± 1.41 g/kg/d; P < 0.0001) from PRE to POST did not differ between groups. PB was unchanged from PRE to POST (6.28 ± 1.36 vs. 6.62 ± 1.38, P = 0.09). CONCLUSION: Increases in whole-body NB with strenuous military training were not different between groups, suggesting high-fat energy-dense and EAA-enriched diets do not spare endogenous protein compared with diets high in carbohydrates when total energy intake is high enough to limit energy deficits to moderate (< 40%) levels. Supported by DHP JPC-5." @default.
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• W4387054498 date "2023-09-01" @default.
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• W4387054498 title "Energy-Dense And Essential Amino Acid-Enriched Diets Do Not Alter Whole-body Protein Balance During Military Training" @default.
• W4387054498 doi "https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000986036.00026.ad" @default.
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