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- W4387396957 abstract "Background Annual digital rectal examination (DRE) is recommended as a stand-alone screening test for prostate cancer (PCa) in Germany for 45+ yr olds. DRE diagnostic performance in men as young as 45 yr old has not been proved by a screening trial. Objective To determine DRE diagnostic performance in a screening trial. Design, setting, and participants This analysis was conducted within the multicentric, randomized PROBASE trial, which enrolled >46 000 men at age 45 to test risk-adapted prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for PCa. Intervention (1) DRE was analyzed as a one-time, stand-alone screening offer at age 45 in 6537 men in one arm of the trial and (2) PCa detection by DRE was evaluated at the time of PSA-screen–driven biopsies (N = 578). Outcome measurements and statistical analysis (1) True-/false-positive detection rates of DRE as compared with PSA screening and (2) DRE outcome at the time of a prostate biopsy were evaluated. Results and limitations (1) A prospective analysis of 57 men with suspicious DRE at age 45 revealed three PCa. Detection rate by DRE was 0.05% (three of 6537) as compared with a four-fold higher rate by PSA screening (48 of 23 301, 0.21%). The true-positive detection rate by DRE relative to screening by PSA was 0.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.07–0.72]) and the false-positive detection rate by DRE was 2.2 (95% CI = [1.50–3.17]). (2) Among PSA-screen–detected PCa cases, 86% had unsuspicious DRE (sensitivity relative to PSA was 14%), with the majority of these tumors (86%) located in the potentially accessible zones of the prostate as seen by magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusions The performance of stand-alone DRE to screen for PCa is poor. DRE should not be recommended as a PCa screening test in young men. Furthermore, DRE does not improve the detection of PSA-screen–detected PCa. Patient summary Our report demonstrated the poor diagnostic performance of digital rectal examination in the screening for prostate cancer in young men." @default.
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- W4387396957 date "2023-10-01" @default.
- W4387396957 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W4387396957 title "Digital Rectal Examination Is Not a Useful Screening Test for Prostate Cancer" @default.
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- W4387396957 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euo.2023.09.008" @default.
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